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Abstract ：
The present paper reviews the scientific development of our understanding of S-Phase. It is now known that S-Phase formation is an example of para equilibrium phenomena. A necessary but not sufficient condition for S-Phase formation is the presence of an fee structure at least in part with structure in the starting alloy. An essential requirement is for a nitride forming element to be present particularly Cr. After surface engineering with carbon, nitrogen or carbon and nitrogen to generate supersaturated solid solutions, the various tribological, corrosion, mechanical and microstructural studies are reviewed for the various alloy systems. The current industrial status of S-Phase technology on an international basis is examined and the potential for its acceptance in china is discussed.
Keyword ：
Expanded austenite Low temperature plasma alloying S-phase materials
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| GB/T 7714 | Bell, Thomas . Current status of supersaturated surface engineered S-phase materials [C] . 2008 : 289-295 . |
| MLA | Bell, Thomas . "Current status of supersaturated surface engineered S-phase materials" . (2008) : 289-295 . |
| APA | Bell, Thomas . Current status of supersaturated surface engineered S-phase materials . (2008) : 289-295 . |
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Abstract ：
The oxidation behavior of three types of plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) processed Ti-Si-C-N coatings with silicon content ranging from 4.3 to 11.6 at.% has been investigated at high temperatures. Systematic characterization was conducted to study the evolution of composition, phase constituents, hardness, surface morphologies, microstructures, and grain size during oxidation. A two-stage oxidation process was observed between 700 and 1000 degrees C for all three coatings. Experimental results indicate that a superhardness of 40 GPa can be maintained up to 700, 800, and 850 degrees C for 4.3, 7.4, and 11.6 at.% Si coatings, respectively; the dual-phased 7.4 and 11.6 at.% Si coatings show a better oxidation resistance than the single-phased 4.3 at.% Si coating. On the basis of the results, a mechanism is proposed to explain the relationship between the nanostructure and oxidation behavior.
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| GB/T 7714 | Guo, Yan , Ma, Shengli , Xu, Kewei et al. On the oxidation resistance of superhard Ti-Si-C-N coatings [J]. | JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH , 2008 , 23 (9) : 2420-2428 . |
| MLA | Guo, Yan et al. "On the oxidation resistance of superhard Ti-Si-C-N coatings" . | JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH 23 . 9 (2008) : 2420-2428 . |
| APA | Guo, Yan , Ma, Shengli , Xu, Kewei , Bell, Tom , Li, Xiaoying , Dong, Hanshan . On the oxidation resistance of superhard Ti-Si-C-N coatings . | JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH , 2008 , 23 (9) , 2420-2428 . |
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Abstract ：
Ti-Si-C-N coatings with different Si contents were synthesized by means of pulsed direct current plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition using a TiCl(4), SiCl(4), CH(4), N(2), H(2) and Ar gas mixture. A complex phase transition has been identified which is strongly controlled by the silicon content in the coatings. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and x-ray diffraction (XRD) results indicate that increasing Si content leads to a phase transition from a solid solution (Ti, Si)(C, N) to a dual-phase Ti (C, N) + TiSi(2) structure, and then to a two-phase Ti (C, N) + SiC structure, and that the changes in grain size and lattice parameter coincide with the phase transition. The Ti-Si-C-N coatings with high Si contents (>= 4.3 at.%) possess a superhigh hardness (43-52 GPa) due to grain refinement/grain boundary hardening and compressive stress/dispersion hardening of the hard, nanosized crystalline TiSi(2) or SiC dispersed in the matrix.
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| GB/T 7714 | Guo, Yan , Ma, Shengli , Xu, Kewei et al. The nanostructured phase transition of superhard Ti-Si-C-N coatings [J]. | NANOTECHNOLOGY , 2008 , 19 (21) . |
| MLA | Guo, Yan et al. "The nanostructured phase transition of superhard Ti-Si-C-N coatings" . | NANOTECHNOLOGY 19 . 21 (2008) . |
| APA | Guo, Yan , Ma, Shengli , Xu, Kewei , Bell, Tom . The nanostructured phase transition of superhard Ti-Si-C-N coatings . | NANOTECHNOLOGY , 2008 , 19 (21) . |
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Abstract ：
A new type of Ti-Si-C-N coatings deposited on high-speed steel substrate by means of pulsed direct current (dc) plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition was investigated. The as-deposited coatings were characterized systematically by using energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy, x-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and microhardness with particular attention paid to the microstructure of the coatings. It has been shown that C content has a profound effect on the microstructure and hardness of coatings. TEM and XRD analyses revealed that these coatings consist of the dominate Ti(C, N) with a silicide (TiSi2, Si3N4, or SiC, depending on the C content in the coatings). The crystallite sizes are in the range of 8-35 nm, which decrease with increasing C content. The Ti-Si-C-N coatings with high C content (25.2-38.6 at.%) possess superhardness (41-48 GPa). This can be attributed to the grain refinement/grain boundary hardening and dispersion hardening of the hard, nanosized crystalline Si3N4 or SiC formed in the deposition.
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| GB/T 7714 | Guo, Yan , Ma, Shengli , Xu, Kewei et al. Transmission electron microscopy microstructural characterization of Ti-Si-C-N coatings [J]. | JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH , 2008 , 23 (1) : 198-203 . |
| MLA | Guo, Yan et al. "Transmission electron microscopy microstructural characterization of Ti-Si-C-N coatings" . | JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH 23 . 1 (2008) : 198-203 . |
| APA | Guo, Yan , Ma, Shengli , Xu, Kewei , Bell, Tom , Li, Xiaoying , Dong, Hanshan . Transmission electron microscopy microstructural characterization of Ti-Si-C-N coatings . | JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH , 2008 , 23 (1) , 198-203 . |
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