The　paper　reviews　the　concept　and　development　of　the　transient　based　protection　and　integrated　protection　for　power　systems.　A　number　of　new　protection　schemes　with　features　of　transient　based　and　integrated　protections　are　outlined.　A　new　transient　based　integrated　protection　scheme　for　the　protection　of　distribution　system　plant　as　well　as　distribution　network　as　a　whole　using　the　Transient　Polarity　Comparison　technique　is　described.　The　scheme　is　based　on　the　detection　of　fault　generated　transient　current　signals　from　all　locations　of　the　protected　network.　Comparison　of　the　signal　polarities　obtained　provides　an　indication　of　the　actual　faulted　section.　Like　other　Transient　Based　Protection　schemes,　it　is　insensitive　to　the　fault　type,　the　fault　inception　angle,　the　fault　path　resistance　and　the　line　loading.　In　addition,　it　also　has　new　features　of　integrated　protection.　©　2008　DRPT.