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The concepts of integrated impedance of positive-sequence bus-bar fault component and those of negative-sequence integrated impedance and zero-sequence integrated impedance are proposed. By means of analyzing the characteristics of above-mentioned integrated impedances under the faults inside and outside the bus-bar protection zone, three bus-bar protection principles based on integrated impedance of positive-sequence bus-bar fault component and those of negative-sequence integrated impedance and zero-sequence integrated impedance are established by amplitudes and arguments of the sequence component integrated impedances respectively. For the three protection principles the bus-bar faults inside and outside the potection zone show features with obvious differences, so the criteria are simple and easy to set, besides the proposed protection principles themselves immune to the transition resistance and the out-flowing current of bus-bar fault inside the protection zone under the one and a-half circuit breaker layout. Under the CT saturation caused by fault outside bus-bar protection zone the bus-bar protection can be blocked to prevent protection misoperation by the discriminating criterion of CT saturation that is constituted by phase angles of sequence component integrated impedances; under the CT saturation during the fault inside bus-bar protection zone, the performance of the protection is not affected and the protection can operate fast and reliably. The bus-bar protection principle based on integrated impedance of positive-sequence fault component can reflect various types of bus-bar faults and it makes the possibility of rapidly switching off the most severe three-phase short-circuit fault; the bus-bar protection principles based on negative-sequence and zero-sequence integrated impedances, which is not affected by system oscillation, can be applied in a long-term after the fault, and the protection can still be sensitively operate under high-resistance earth-fault. The proposed three protection principles can constitute an integrated protection scheme. The effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed protection principles are verified by results of EMTP simulation.
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Dianwang Jishu/Power System Technology
ISSN: 1000-3673
Year: 2011
Issue: 7
Volume: 35
Page: 208-213
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