Diamond/NiCrAl　composite　powder　with　a　diamond　content　of　40vol.%　is　prepared　by　mechanical　alloying　process　with　diamond　powder　and　NiCrAl　alloy　powder.　Cold　spraying　is　employed　to　deposit　diamond/NiCrAl　composite　coating.　To　enhance　the　bonding　between　diamond　particles　and　NiCrAl　matrix,　annealing　treatment　is　applied　to　the　as-sprayed　coating.　The　effect　of　annealing　treatment　conditions　on　the　microstructure　and　microhardness　and　abrasive　wear　performance　of　the　coating　is　investigated　The　results　show　the　microstructure　of　the　composite　powder　is　completely　retained　in　the　coating　owing　to　the　low　temperature　of　spray　powder　during　cold　spray　process　The　interface　between　diamond　and　NiCrAl　matrix　is　enhanced　by　the　Cr(x)C(y)　layers　formed　during　annealing　treatment.　Moreover,　the　cohesion　of　deposited　particles　in　the　coating　is　improved　through　metal　element　diffusion　during　heat　treatment.　The　hardness　and　wear　performance　of　the　coating　is　related　to　coating　microstructure　and　the　bonding　at　the　interfaces　between　diamond　particles　and　NiCrAl　matrix