With　the　prevailing　energy　challenges　and　the　rapid　development　of　aerospace　engineering,　high-performance　thermal　insulators　with　various　functions　are　attracting　more　and　more　attention.　Ceramic　aerogels　are　promising　candidates　for　thermal　insulators　to　be　applied　in　harsh　environments　because　of　their　low　thermal　conductivity　and　simultaneously　excellent　thermal　and　chemical　stabilities.　In　general,　the　effective　properties　of　this　class　of　materials　depend　on　both　their　microstructures　and　the　intrinsic　properties　of　their　building　blocks.　Herein,　to　enrich　the　family　and　broaden　the　application　fields　of　this　class　of　materials,　we　prepared　ultralight　alpha-Si3N4　nanobelt　aerogels　(NBAs)　with　tunable　densities　ranging　from　1.8　to　9.6　mg　cm(-3).　The　alpha-Si3N4　NBA　realized　resilient　compressibility　(with　a　recoverable　strain　of　40-80%),　fire　resistance　(1200　degrees　C　butane　blow　torch),　thermal　insulation　(0.029　W　m(-1)　K-1),　and　electronic　wave　transparency　(a　dielectric　constant　of　1-1.04　and　a　dielectric　loss　of　0.001-0.004)　in　one　material,　which　makes　it　a　promising　candidate　for　mechanical　energy　dissipative,　fire-resistant,　and　electronic　wave-transparent　thermal　insulator　to　be　applied　in　extreme　conditions.　The　successful　preparation　of　such　resilient　and　multifunctional　alpha-Si3N4　NBAs　will　open　up　a　new　world　for　the　development　and　widespread　applications　of　ceramic　aerogels.