Ceramic　aerogels　are　promising　lightweight　and　high-efficient　thermal　insulators　for　applications　in　buildings,　industry,　and　aerospace　vehicles　but　are　usually　limited　by　their　brittleness　and　structural　collapse　at　high　temperatures.　In　recent　years,　fabricating　nanostructure-based　ultralight　materials　has　been　proved　to　be　an　effective　way　to　realize　the　resilience　of　ceramic　aerogels.　However,　the　randomly　distributed　macroscale　pores　in　these　architectures　usually　lead　to　low　stiffness　and　reduced　thermal　insulation　performance.　Here,　to　overcome　these　obstacles,　a　SiC@SiO2　nanowire　aerogel　with　a　nanowire-assembled　anisotropic　and　hierarchical　microstructure　was　prepared　by　using　directional　freeze　casting　and　subsequent　heat　treatment.　The　aerogel　exhibits　an　ultralow　thermal　conductivity　of　~14　mW/m·K,　an　exceptional　high　stiffness　(a　specific　modulus　of　~24.7　kN·m/kg),　and　excellent　thermal　and　chemical　stabilities　even　under　heating　at　1200°C　by　a　butane　blow　torch,　which　makes　it　an　ideal　thermally　superinsulating　material　for　applications　under　extreme　conditions.　Copyright　©　2020　The　Authors,　some　rights　reserved.