Biomass　gasification　in　supercritical　water　(SCW)　for　high　energy　density　gas　fuel　is　a　promising　method　for　the　efficient　usage　of　biomass　resource.　Researches　have　indicated　that　the　gasification　efficiency　is　greatly　depended　on　the　heat　transfer　rate　during　the　practical　process　of　cold　biomass　particle　injected　into　SCW.　So　the　study　of　the　forced　convection　heat　transfer　characteristics　of　an　endothermic-biomass　particle　placed　in　SCW　crossflow　is　of　great　significance.　Moreover,　the　study　of　the　particle　surface　local　heat　transfer　rate　distribution　is　also　necessary　for　the　complete　gasification　of　biomass　particles　in　SCW.　Therefore,　this　work　performs　particle-resolved　direct　numerical　simulation　study　on　SCW　flow　past　an　endothermic　sphere.　Results　demonstrate　that　the　heat　transfer　gets　great　enhancement　when　the　heat　transfer　temperature　range　comprises　the　large　specific　heat　capacity　zone.　For　the　particle　surface　local　heat　transfer　distribution,　the　enhancement　at　the　front　of　particle　is　much　stronger　than　that　at　the　rear.　Furthermore,　the　heat　transfer　characteristics　under　different　pressures　are　also　studied.　In　the　end,　a　new　forced　convection　heat　transfer　correlation　applicable　for　SCW　flow　past　an　endothermic　sphere　is　obtained.　©　2020　Elsevier　Ltd