According　to　the　capability　approach,　multidimensional　poverty　is　both　a　concept　and　a　measure　used　to　depict　the　poor　who　are　deprived　in　multiple　dimensions.　This　article　provides　a　longitudinal　perspective　for　monitoring　multidimensional　poverty　in　rural　China　using　panel　data　from　2010　to　2018.　The　poverty　tracking　analyses　and　measurements　capture　a　dramatic　reduction　in　the　overall　multidimensional　poverty　in　rural　China,　mainly　due　to　the　incidence　effect　rather　than　the　intensity　effect.　It　should　be　noted　that　some　households　that　experience　chronic　multidimensional　poverty　and　the　durations　of　deprivation　in　regard　to　education　contribute　the　most　among　all　8　indicators.　Moreover,　the　estimation　results　of　multidimensional　poverty　are　robust,　and　the　level　of　multidimensional　poverty　in　rural　China　has　indeed　improved　over　the　past　years.　(C)　2021　Elsevier　B.V.　All　rights　reserved.