Thauera,　as　one　of　the　core　members　of　wastewater　biological　treatment　systems,　plays　an　important　role　in　the　process　of　nitrogen　and　phosphorus　removal　from　low-carbon　source　sewage.　However,　there　is　a　lack　of　systematic　understanding　of　Thauera＇s　metabolic　pathway　and　genomics.　Here　we　report　on　the　newly　isolated　Thauera　sp.　RT1901,　which　is　capable　of　denitrification　using　variety　carbon　sources　including　aromatic　compounds.　By　comparing　the　denitrification　processes　under　the　conditions　of　insufficient,　adequate　and　surplus　carbon　sources,　it　was　found　that　strain　RT1901　could　simultaneously　use　soluble　microbial　products　(SMP)　and　extracellular　polymeric　substances　(EPS)　as　electron　donors　for　denitrification.　Strain　RT1901　was　also　found　to　be　a　denitrifying　phosphate　accumulating　bacterium,　able　to　use　nitrate,　nitrite,　or　oxygen　as　electron　acceptors　during　poly-β-hydroxybutyrate　(PHB)　catabolism.　The　annotated　genome　was　used　to　reconstruct　the　complete　nitrogen　and　phosphorus　metabolism　pathways　of　RT1901.　In　the　process　of　denitrifying　phosphorus　accumulation,　glycolysis　was　the　only　pathway　for　glycogen　metabolism,　and　the　glyoxylic　acid　cycle　replaced　the　tricarboxylic　acid　cycle　(TCA)　to　supplement　the　reduced　energy.　In　addition,　the　abundance　of　conventional　phosphorus　accumulating　bacteria　decreased　significantly　and　the　removal　rates　of　total　nitrogen　(TN)　and　chemical　oxygen　demand　(COD)　increased　after　the　addition　of　RT1901　in　the　low　carbon/nitrogen　(C/N)　ratio　of　anaerobic　aerobic　anoxic-sequencing　batch　reactor　(AOA-SBR).　This　research　indicated　that　the　diverse　metabolic　capabilities　of　Thauera　made　it　more　competitive　than　other　bacteria　in　the　wastewater　treatment　system.　©　2021