Early　and　rapid　diagnosis　of　tumors　is　essential　for　clinical　treatment　or　management.　In　contrast　to　conventional　means,　bioimaging　has　the　potential　to　accurately　locate　and　diagnose　tumors　at　an　early　stage.　Fluorescent　probe　has　been　developed　as　an　ideal　tool　to　visualize　tumor　sites　and　to　detect　biological　molecules　which　provides　a　requirement　for　noninvasive,　real-time,　precise,　and　specific　visualization　of　structures　and　complex　biochemical　processes　in　vivo.　Rencently,　the　development　of　synthetic　organic　chemistry　and　new　materials　have　facilitated　the　development　of　near-infrared　small　molecular　sensing　platforms　and　nanoimaging　platforms.　This　provides　a　competitive　tool　for　various　fields　of　bioimaging　such　as　biological　structure　and　function　imaging,　disease　diagnosis,　in　situ　at　the　in　vivo　level,　and　real-time　dynamic　imaging.　This　review　systematically　focused　on　the　recent　progress　of　small　molecular　near-infrared　fluorescent　probes　and　nano-fluorescent　probes　as　new　biomedical　imaging　tools　in　the　past　3-5　years,　and　it　covers　the　application　of　tumor　biomarker　sensing,　tumor　microenvironment　imaging,　and　tumor　vascular　imaging,　intraoperative　guidance　and　as　an　integrated　platform　for　diagnosis,　aiming　to　provide　guidance　for　researchers　to　design　and　develop　future　biomedical　diagnostic　tools.