The　influence　of　the　carbon　content　of　the　martensitic　matrix　(at　different　austenizing　temperatures)　and　the　amount　of　retained　austenite　(AR)　on　the　two-body　abrasion　and　impact　abrasion　wear　of　martensitic　ductile　iron　was　studied.　The　results　showed　that:　(1)　the　wear　of　martensitic　ductile　iron　in　two-body　abrasion　is　a　process　of　plastic　deformation　fatigue　in　the　case　of　a　soft　abrasive,　but　a　process　of　cutting　in　the　case　of　a　hard　abrasive;　(2)　the　carbon　content　in　the　martensitic　matrix　has　an　optimal　value　in　impact　wear　testing;　(3)　the　effect　of　AR　on　wear　resistance　depends　on　the　loading　condition.　When　the　load　is　without　impact　such　as　in　two-body　abrasion,　the　retained　austenite　contributes　to　the　wear　resistance　if　the　process　is　controlled　by　a　fatigue　mechanism;　however,　it　has　no　significant　effect　on　wear　resistance　if　the　process　is　controlled　by　the　cutting　mechanism.　However,　under　impact　load,　retained　austenite　is　harmful　to　the　wear　resistance.　©　1993.