In　household　surveys,　the　use　of　data　provided　by　relatives　can　increase　response　rates　and　generalisability　of　research　findings.　This　study　assessed　the　quality　of　data　from　relatives　and　the　impact　of　the　data　source　on　the　association　between　the　use　of　prenatal　care　and　pregnancy　outcomes.　Data　for　3,673　new　mothers　and　293　proxy　respondents　were　available　from　a　house-hold　survey　in　2008-2009　in　rural　China.　Analyses　were　performed　using　chi-square　test,　ANOVA,　Kruskal-Wallis　test,　and　logistic　regression　models.　Differences　in　the　studied　variables　were　small,　but　proxy　respondents　were　slightly　more　likely　to　have　missing　data　than　the　new　mothers.　Differences　and　missing　data　were　more　common　for　the　use　of　prenatal　care　and　outcome　variables　(mode　of　delivery,　place　of　delivery,　birth　weight,　use　of　postnatal　care,　and　gestational　age　at　birth)　than　for　the　background　characteristics　of　the　participants.　Husbands＇　reports　were　closer　to　the　index　reports　than　that　of　the　other　proxies.　The　associations　between　the　exposures　and　outcomes　were　mostly　similar　between　the　proxy　and　index　respondents.　Relatives　can　be　interviewed　instead　of　women　to　study　prenatal　care　without　a　substantial　negative　impact　on　study　results.　Studies　using　proxy　respondents　should　stratify　the　analysis　by　type　of　respondents.