Background:　Conventional　B-mode　and　Doppler　ultrasound　are　inefficient　at　showing　increased　stiffness　resulting　from　the　fibrosis　developing　during　kidney　transplant　rejection.　Objectives:　This　study　aims　to　assess　the　correlation　between　ultrasound　elastography　(UE)　and　renal　function　after　kidney　transplantation.　Methods:　Patients　who　underwent　UE　after　renal　allotransplantation　at　the　First　Affiliated　Hospital　of　Xi＇an　Jiaotong　University　Medical　School　between　October　2014　and　March　2015　were　grouped　according　to　their　serum　creatinine　levels:　normal　group　(serum　creatinine　level　＜　134　mu　mol/L),　acute　rejection　group　(serum　creatinine　level　＞　134　mu　mol/L　that　recovered　in　three　months),　and　chronic　allograft　nephropathy　(CAN)　group　(serum　creatinine　level　＞　134　mu　mol/L　sustained　for　＞　3　months).　UE　was　scored　1-5　points　according　to　the　kidney　stiffness,　and　parameters　were　compared　between　groups.　Results:　All　patients　in　the　acute　rejection　and　CAN　groups　scored　at　least　2　points,　while　80%　of　the　remaining　patients　scored　＞=　3　points.　In　the　normal　group,　93%　of　patients　scored　1　point　(the　normal　group　vs.　the　acute　rejection　and　CAN　groups,　P　＜　0.05).　In　the　acute　rejection　group,　the　average　relative　strain　value　(MEAN)　and　the　area　ratio　of　low-strain　ratio　decreased　with　increasing　serum　creatinine　levels.　MEAN　was　highly　predictive　of　postoperative　renal　function,　with　a　sensitivity,　specificity　and　area　under　the　curve　of　80%,　80%　and　0.868,　respectively;　using　a　cut　off　value　of　100.　Conclusion:　UE　may　reflect　renal　function　and　can　be　a　non-invasive　method　for　the　evaluation　of　renal　function　after　kidney　transplantation.