The　tree　shrew,　as　a　primate-like　animal　model,　has　been　used　for　studying　high　brain　functions　such　as　social　emotion　and　spatial　learning　memory.　However,　little　is　known　about　the　excitatory　synaptic　transmission　in　cortical　brain　areas　of　the　tree　shrew.　In　the　present　study,　we　have　characterized　the　excitatory　synaptic　transmission　and　intrinsic　properties　of　pyramidal　neurons　in　the　anterior　cingulate　cortex　(ACC)　of　the　adult　tree　shrew,　a　key　cortical　region　for　pain　perception　and　emotion.　We　found　that　glutamate　is　the　major　excitatory　transmitter　for　fast　synaptic　transmission.　Excitatory　synaptic　responses　induced　by　local　stimulation　were　mediated　by　AMPA　and　kainate　(KA)　receptors.　As　compared　with　mice,　AMPA　and　KA　receptor　mediated　responses　were　significantly　greater.　Interestingly,　the　frequency　of　spontaneous　excitatory　postsynaptic　currents　(sEPSCs)　and　miniature　excitatory　postsynaptic　currents　(mEPSCs)　in　tree　shrews　was　significantly　less　than　that　of　mice.　Moreover,　both　the　ratio　of　paired-pulse　facilitation　(PPF)　and　the　time　of　50%　decay　for　fast　blockade　of　NMDA　receptor　mediated　EPSCs　were　greater　in　the　tree　shrew.　Finally,　tree　shrew　neurons　showed　higher　initial　firing　frequency　and　neuronal　excitability　with　a　cell　type-specific　manner　in　the　ACC.　Our　studies　provide　the　first　report　of　the　basal　synaptic　transmission　in　the　ACC　of　adult　tree　shrew.