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学者姓名：黄佐华
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Abstract ：
Blow-off of swirl flames as well as its mechanism are fundamental issues and attract continuous attention due to its wide application in modern combustors. This study experimentally investigated the blow-off and flame macrostructure transition behavior of unconfined and confined premixed CH4/air flames stabilized on a swirl and bluff-body burner. PIV and OH-PLIF techniques were used to measure the flow field and instantaneous OH profile, respectively. It was observed that the combustor confinement could significantly broaden the blow-off limits, which was further widened with the increase of confinement ratio (CR) of the confined combustor. The influence of CR on flame stabilization was revealed by analyzing flame structures and flow fields. For the unconfined combustor, when the flames are far away and close to the blow-off, the shear layer and inner recirculation zone (IRZ) play the critical role in stabilizing the flame front, respectively. For the confined combustor, when the flame was far from blow-off, both the shear layer and the outer recirculation zone (ORZ) contributed to the stabilization. With the decrease of equivalence ratio, the stabilization effect of ORZ started to decrease and gradually weakened. When near lean blow-off limit, for CR = 2 (phi= 0.48), the flame was mainly stabilized by the IRZ, while for CR = 3 (phi = 0.46), the flame stabilization depended on the upstream IRZ/inner shear layer (ISL) and the downstream IRZ/ISL and ORZ/outer shear layer (OSL). Furthermore, the ISL vortexes would further accelerate the blow-off near the lean limit for confined and unconfined flames. The transition from stable to unstable was extended by increasing the CR in the confined combustor.
Keyword ：
Blow-off limit Confinement ratio Flame macrostructure transition Flame stabilization Swirl flame
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| GB/T 7714 | Ji, Longjuan , Wang, Jinhua , Zhang, Weijie et al. Effect of confinement ratio on flame structure and blow-off characteristics of swirl flames [J]. | EXPERIMENTAL THERMAL AND FLUID SCIENCE , 2022 , 135 . |
| MLA | Ji, Longjuan et al. "Effect of confinement ratio on flame structure and blow-off characteristics of swirl flames" . | EXPERIMENTAL THERMAL AND FLUID SCIENCE 135 (2022) . |
| APA | Ji, Longjuan , Wang, Jinhua , Zhang, Weijie , Mao, Runze , Hu, Guangya , Huang, Zuohua . Effect of confinement ratio on flame structure and blow-off characteristics of swirl flames . | EXPERIMENTAL THERMAL AND FLUID SCIENCE , 2022 , 135 . |
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Abstract ：
The synergistic effect of mixing ethylene with propane on the nanostructure and morphology evolution of soot in laminar coflow diffusion flames was investigated via combining thermophoresis sampling and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). A strong synergistic effect was observed regarding the soot yields when 0.05 and 0.1 propane ratios were applied. However, it was inhibited at 0.2 propane ratio. At the height above burner (HAB) of 20 mm, the soot size generated from pure ethylene flame was larger than other mixed fuel flames. At the lower and higher HABs, the addition of propane could increase the mean primary soot diameter in different degrees. The high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) analysis showed that the propane addition resulted in larger fringe length, smaller fringe tortuosity, and spacing at 0.1 and 0.2 propane ratios-especially at 0.2 ratio-indicating the soot have a more compact structure and higher degree of graphitization.
Keyword ：
Laminar coflow diffusion flame Morphology Nanostructure Soot Synergistic effect
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| GB/T 7714 | Li, Qianqian , Wang, Liangchen , Yang, Rong et al. Synergistic Effect of Mixing Ethylene with Propane on the Morphology and Nanostructure of Soot in Laminar Coflow Diffusion Flames [J]. | JOURNAL OF ENERGY ENGINEERING , 2022 , 148 (1) . |
| MLA | Li, Qianqian et al. "Synergistic Effect of Mixing Ethylene with Propane on the Morphology and Nanostructure of Soot in Laminar Coflow Diffusion Flames" . | JOURNAL OF ENERGY ENGINEERING 148 . 1 (2022) . |
| APA | Li, Qianqian , Wang, Liangchen , Yang, Rong , Yan, Zhiyu , Song, Chen , Huang, Zuohua . Synergistic Effect of Mixing Ethylene with Propane on the Morphology and Nanostructure of Soot in Laminar Coflow Diffusion Flames . | JOURNAL OF ENERGY ENGINEERING , 2022 , 148 (1) . |
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Abstract ：
Hydrogen (H-2) is regarded as a promising fuel to achieve decarbonization of power and propulsion systems. In this context, hydrogen enriched methane (CH4) combustion has attracted considerable attention in the development of low-emission gas turbines. To achieve low NOx emissions and avoid the dangers of flashback, combustion of CH4/H2/air mixtures under lean and/or ultra-lean operating conditions is of critical importance, while ultra-lean flames are prone to combustion instabilities and difficult to stabilize even in a bluff-body swirl burner. In this work, a series of confined lean premixed CH4/H-2/air swirling flames with hydrogen enrichment (alpha(H2) ) ranging from 0 to 80% is investigated under stable and ultra-lean conditions using simultaneous OH-PLIF and PIV measurements. The results suggest that decarbonization of combustion devices requires large volume fractions of H-2 in the fuel mixture, e.g., 80% H-2 to achieve half CO2 emission per heat of combustion. It is found that there is a flame topology transition when changing equivalence ratio and/or hydrogen enrichment. At a given alpha(H2), the flames with 0 and 40% H-2 always show "V "shapes, whereas an evolution from "M "to "V "shape can be observed for the 80% H2 flame when increasing the equivalence ratio. Moreover, at a given Phi, the flame shape will shift towards "M "shape at alpha(H2) = 80% from "V "shape at alpha(H2) = 0,40%. Furthermore, H2-enriched flames would move to the inner recirculation zone (IRZ) and stabilize there when decreasing Phi to ultra-lean conditions. Given that hydrogen enrichment can significantly enhance the resistance to flame strain and that under ultra-lean conditions, there is a strong diffusion of hydrogen from the swirling jet to the IRZ where the sufficient residence time and the increase in the local equivalence ratio contribute to the presence of flame pockets and flame stabilization in the IRZ.
Keyword ：
Hydrogen-enriched flames PIV/OH-PLIF Swirl flames Ultra-lean flames
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| GB/T 7714 | Mao, Runze , Wang, Jinhua , Lin, Wenjun et al. Effects of flow-flame interactions on the stabilization of ultra-lean swirling CH4/H-2/air flames [J]. | FUEL , 2022 , 319 . |
| MLA | Mao, Runze et al. "Effects of flow-flame interactions on the stabilization of ultra-lean swirling CH4/H-2/air flames" . | FUEL 319 (2022) . |
| APA | Mao, Runze , Wang, Jinhua , Lin, Wenjun , Han, Wang , Zhang, Weijie , Huang, Zuohua . Effects of flow-flame interactions on the stabilization of ultra-lean swirling CH4/H-2/air flames . | FUEL , 2022 , 319 . |
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Abstract ：
Species concentrations for 1,3-butadiene oxidation were measured in a jet-stirred reactor (JSR) at phi = 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0, at 1 atm, in the temperature range of 650 to 1200 K and the residence time of 2 s. AramcoMech 3.0 was modified based on the high-level quantum calculated rate coefficients published, including OH/H/HO2 addition to 1,3-butadiene and subsequent reactions. The modified model was validated against the measured species concentrations in this work and ignition delay times, laminar flame speeds proposed in literatures. Good agreement with experimental data can be observed. In addition, kinetic investigation was carried out. Flux analysis and sensitivity analysis showed that OH/H addition reactions play important roles in determining the reactivity in 1,3-butadiene consumption.
Keyword ：
1,3-Butadiene oxidation Chemical kinetic model Jet-stirred reactor Species concentration
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| GB/T 7714 | Yin, Geyuan , Lv, Xin , Hu, Erjiang et al. Experimental and chemical kinetic study on the low temperature oxidation of 1,3-butadiene in a jet-stirred reactor [J]. | FUEL , 2022 , 315 . |
| MLA | Yin, Geyuan et al. "Experimental and chemical kinetic study on the low temperature oxidation of 1,3-butadiene in a jet-stirred reactor" . | FUEL 315 (2022) . |
| APA | Yin, Geyuan , Lv, Xin , Hu, Erjiang , Xiao, Bo , Shen, Huixian , Huang, Zuohua . Experimental and chemical kinetic study on the low temperature oxidation of 1,3-butadiene in a jet-stirred reactor . | FUEL , 2022 , 315 . |
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Abstract ：
The objective of the present work is to examine the effects of adding t-butyl peroxide (TB) additive with diesel fuel and biodiesel originated from Mahua oil and waste Palm oil in form of quaternary blends with varying injection timing (21obTDC (before Top Dead Centre), 23obTDC, and 25obTDC) on performance, emission, and combustion characteristics of a diesel engine. In this experimentation, all the quaternary blends were prepared by keeping the volume percentage of diesel fuel at 50% v/v, while concentrations of Mahua oil-based biodiesel, waste Palm oil-based biodiesel, and t-butyl peroxide were varied by volume. The prepared blends were utilized on a constant-speed single-cylinder 4-stroke turbocharged diesel engine for comprehensive analysis in contrast to diesel fuel. The obtained results depicted that the quaternary blend of 50% diesel fuel (D)/20% mixed biodiesel (MB)/30% t-butyl peroxide (TB) (D50-MB20TB30) at advanced injection timing of 25 degrees bTDC has shown a 2.66% increment in exhaust gas temperature and a 2.12% reduction in brake thermal efficiency compared to diesel fuel. At peak load, emission parameters such as carbon monoxide, unburnt hydrocarbon, and smoke opacity for D50MB20TB30 were found to be respectively 4.59%, 3.47% and 5.03% lower than those of diesel fuel, although there was a slight increment by 0.83% of nitrogen oxide compared to diesel fuel. Considering combustion behaviours, heat release rate, cylinder pressure, and ignition delay were also observed to be 1.14%, 2.21%, and 8.34% lesser than conventional diesel fuel at 100% load, respectively. In closing, using the D50-MB20TB30 quaternary blend combined with advanced injection timing of 25 degrees bTDC could offer a significant efficiency in improving the engine performance and reducing pollutant emissions, contributing to sustainable development and environment protection.
Keyword ：
Advanced injection timing Combustion behaviours Emission characteristics Engine performance Quaternary blends Turbocharged diesel engine
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| GB/T 7714 | Nayak, Swarup Kumar , Nizetic, Sandro , Pham, Van Viet et al. Influence of injection timing on performance and combustion characteristics of compression ignition engine working on quaternary blends of diesel fuel, mixed biodiesel, and t-butyl peroxide [J]. | JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION , 2022 , 333 . |
| MLA | Nayak, Swarup Kumar et al. "Influence of injection timing on performance and combustion characteristics of compression ignition engine working on quaternary blends of diesel fuel, mixed biodiesel, and t-butyl peroxide" . | JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION 333 (2022) . |
| APA | Nayak, Swarup Kumar , Nizetic, Sandro , Pham, Van Viet , Huang, Zuohua , Olcer, Aykut I. , Bui, Van Ga et al. Influence of injection timing on performance and combustion characteristics of compression ignition engine working on quaternary blends of diesel fuel, mixed biodiesel, and t-butyl peroxide . | JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION , 2022 , 333 . |
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Abstract ：
Prolonged storage of biodiesel leads to deterioration of fuel properties and its usage in engines results in drop-in performance characteristics. The present study deals with the effect of natural antioxidants on the storage stability of binary biodiesel blend of Jatropha biodiesel and lemongrass oil, which are synthesized through transesterification and steam distillation process, respectively. Natural antioxidants such as sesame, horse gram, sweet basil, coffee, and peas were employed in the current study. Thermal analysis of the antioxidants was carried out utilizing differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetric analysis to study the effect of temperature on antioxidants. Ethanol extract of natural antioxidants was prepared at various concentrations such as 500, 1000, and 1500 ppm. Total phenol content in the antioxidant extracts was determined through the Folin-Ciocalteu method in terms of gallic acid equivalent (GAE). The oxidation stability of fuel samples with the addition of antioxidant extracts was estimated by the Rancimat method in terms of the induction period (IP). As a result, the scavenging effect in percentage for sesame, horse gram, sweet basil, coffee, and peas were 88.76%, 86.51%, 75.28%, 74.15%, and 70.78% at 1500 ppm, respectively. Besides, the total phenol content (mg GAE/100 g) for sesame, horse gram, sweet basil, coffee, and peas observed are 97.37, 39.99, 35.07, 30.15, and 25.25, respectively. More interestingly, adding antioxidants extracted from sesame, horse gram, sweet basil, coffee, and peas could increase the IP of the Jatropha biodiesel-lemongrass oil binary blend to 9.92, 8.10, 7.74, 7.10, and 4.10 hours, respectively compared to the case of binary blend without antioxidant (only 2.06 hours). In general, the inclusion of natural antioxidants additives increased the oxidation stability of biodiesel, promoting its prolonged storage, and the overall effectiveness of selected natural antioxidants was found to be in the order of sesame > horse gram > sweet basil > coffee > peas. Highlights The incorporation of a binary biodiesel blend reduces the cost of biodiesel synthesis. Replacement of synthetic antioxidant additive with natural antioxidant additive. Natural antioxidant addition enhances the storage stability of binary biodiesel blend.
Keyword ：
biodiesel induction period natural antioxidant oxidation stability scavenging effect
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| GB/T 7714 | Jeyakumar, Nagarajan , Huang, Zuohua , Balasubramanian, Dhinesh et al. Experimental evaluation over the effects of natural antioxidants on oxidation stability of binary biodiesel blend [J]. | INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENERGY RESEARCH , 2022 , 46 (14) : 20437-20461 . |
| MLA | Jeyakumar, Nagarajan et al. "Experimental evaluation over the effects of natural antioxidants on oxidation stability of binary biodiesel blend" . | INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENERGY RESEARCH 46 . 14 (2022) : 20437-20461 . |
| APA | Jeyakumar, Nagarajan , Huang, Zuohua , Balasubramanian, Dhinesh , Anh Tuan Le , Xuan Phuong Nguyen , Pandian, Prakash Lakshmana et al. Experimental evaluation over the effects of natural antioxidants on oxidation stability of binary biodiesel blend . | INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENERGY RESEARCH , 2022 , 46 (14) , 20437-20461 . |
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Abstract ：
The purpose of this work is to investigate the effect of different initial temperatures on the combustion characteristics of RDX materials. In the experiments, the electric heating plate below the RDX samples was controlled so that the initial temperatures were set to be 298, 323, 373, 423, and 473 K (below the material melting point), respectively. Three optical diagnostic methods were employed to capture the ignition process, flame thermal radiation, and NO distribution in the flame at different conditions. The results show that the increase in initial temperature can improve the reaction rate, shorten the ignition delay time, and increase the flame combustion intensity and speed, because of the earlier evaporation and pyrolysis process in the RDX samples. Increasing the initial temperature also enhances the thermal effect of the flame, which is related to the generation and consumption of NO to a certain extent.
Keyword ：
combustion NO chemiluminescence optical diagnosis RDX thermal radiation
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| GB/T 7714 | Yan, Zhiyu , Song, Chen , Li, Qianqian et al. A Study on the Effect of Initial Temperature on Combustion Characteristics of RDX Based on the Optical Diagnosis Methods [J]. | ENERGIES , 2022 , 15 (7) . |
| MLA | Yan, Zhiyu et al. "A Study on the Effect of Initial Temperature on Combustion Characteristics of RDX Based on the Optical Diagnosis Methods" . | ENERGIES 15 . 7 (2022) . |
| APA | Yan, Zhiyu , Song, Chen , Li, Qianqian , Niu, Yulei , Wang, Jinhua , Huang, Zuohua . A Study on the Effect of Initial Temperature on Combustion Characteristics of RDX Based on the Optical Diagnosis Methods . | ENERGIES , 2022 , 15 (7) . |
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Abstract ：
The present study investigated the effects of NH3/H-2/N-2 addition on soot morphology and nanostructure in laminar co-flow diffusion flame of ethylene, by adopting the method of thermophoretic sampling combined with transmission electron microscope (TEM). The volume fraction of NH3 varies from 10% to 30%, and the volume fraction of H-2 and N-2 are all 30%. The soot morphology evolution images were analyzed with the parameters representing size and fractal characteristics determined. Among the three diluents, the addition of NH3 is found to have the best suppressing effect with the smallest primary particle size and least accumulated aggregates, especially at the lower flame heights. Meanwhile, H(2 )addition is observed to advance the soot formation process due to the higher flame temperature. The soot particle images with a magnification time of 600,000 obtained from high-resolution transmission electron microscope (HRTEM) were processed by the processing code. The parameters describing the soot nanostructure were measured and analyzed with the fitted curves. It is found that the fringes of particles sampled from NH3 enriched flames tend to be shorter and more curved, and the inter fringe spacing tends to be larger, indicating the nanostructure is more disordered and the particles are easier to be oxidized. Compared with the flames with NH3 addition, particles from H-2 enriched flames show a more ordered and compact nanostructure. Finally, simulations were performed to further interpret the effects. Calculated results show that the NH3 and H-2 addition obviously suppress the production of larger PAHs, and NH3 is more effective than H-2, but this difference gradually narrows for greater PAHs. Simulations also indicate that the peak value of precursors in NH3 enriched flame is delayed. (C) 2022 Hydrogen Energy Publications LLC. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Keyword ：
Laminar diffusion flame Morphology Nanostructure NH3/H-2/N(2 )addition Soot reduction
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| GB/T 7714 | Li, Qianqian , Song, Chen , Yan, Zhiyu et al. Effects of NH3/H-2/N-2 addition on soot morphology and nanostructure in laminar co-flow ethylene diffusion flame [J]. | INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY , 2022 , 47 (36) : 16321-16334 . |
| MLA | Li, Qianqian et al. "Effects of NH3/H-2/N-2 addition on soot morphology and nanostructure in laminar co-flow ethylene diffusion flame" . | INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY 47 . 36 (2022) : 16321-16334 . |
| APA | Li, Qianqian , Song, Chen , Yan, Zhiyu , Cao, Xun , Wang, Jinhua , Huang, Zuohua . Effects of NH3/H-2/N-2 addition on soot morphology and nanostructure in laminar co-flow ethylene diffusion flame . | INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY , 2022 , 47 (36) , 16321-16334 . |
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Abstract ：
Demands for the decline of CO2 emissions resulted in a significant transformation of the energy systems working on carbon sources towards more sustainable, clean, and renewable characteristics. Hydrogen is emerging as a secondary energy vector with everincreasing importance in the decarbonisation progress. Indeed, hydrogen, a green and renewable energy source, could be produced from steam gasification of plant-originated lignocellulosic biomass. In this current review, key factors affect the hydrogen production yield from steam gasification of plant-originated lignocellulosic biomass, including the design of the gasifier, temperature, pressure, and steam-to-biomass ratio, steam flow rate, moisture and particle size of fed biomass, and catalysts were thoroughly analysed. Moreover, the effects of the abovementioned factors on the reduction of tar formation, which is also a key parameter towards ensuring the trouble-free operation of the reactor, were critically evaluated. More importantly, the separation of produced hydrogen from steam gasification of biomass and challenges over technological, environmental, and economic aspects of biomass gasification were also presented in detail. In addition, this paper is also profiling the prospect of Vietnam in fulfilling its hydrogen economy potential because Vietnam has vast biomass due to its tropical weather and availability of arable land, providing abundant lignocellulosic biomass with 45% of agricultural waste, 30% of firewood, and 25% of other sources. Besides, some primary factors hindering the broad application of biomass for hydrogen production were indicated. Finally, some solutions for implementing the hydrogenization strategy in Vietnam have also been discussed. (c) 2021 Hydrogen Energy Publications LLC. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Keyword ：
Affecting factors Biomass Hydrogen production Steam gasification Techno-economic challenges Vietnam
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| GB/T 7714 | Anh Tuan Hoang , Huang, ZuoHua , Nizetic, Sandro et al. Characteristics of hydrogen production from steam gasification of plant-originated lignocellulosic biomass and its prospects in Vietnam [J]. | INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY , 2022 , 47 (7) : 4394-4425 . |
| MLA | Anh Tuan Hoang et al. "Characteristics of hydrogen production from steam gasification of plant-originated lignocellulosic biomass and its prospects in Vietnam" . | INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY 47 . 7 (2022) : 4394-4425 . |
| APA | Anh Tuan Hoang , Huang, ZuoHua , Nizetic, Sandro , Pandey, Ashok , Xuan Phuong Nguyen , Luque, Rafael et al. Characteristics of hydrogen production from steam gasification of plant-originated lignocellulosic biomass and its prospects in Vietnam . | INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY , 2022 , 47 (7) , 4394-4425 . |
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Abstract ：
Experimental study on the unconfined lean premixed NH3/CH4 /air flames with three CH4 fractions of 0, 50%, and 100% stabilized on a bluff-body and swirl burner was investigated. The flow fields and instantaneous OH distributions were captured by synchronous PIV/OH-PLIF measurement. The macrostructure and critical mechanism of blow-off for the compact NH3/air flame at conditions far away and near blow-off, and the effect of CH4 addition on the topology and flame stabilization was discussed. Results show that the NH3/air flame possesses a poor lean blow-off limit Phi(b), and the NH3/air mixture can not be ignited when U-in is higher than 5 m/s. After adding 50% CH4 fuel, the laminar flame speed S-L and the extinction strain rate K-ext are approximately 3 times and 7 times that of the NH3/air flame with equivalence ratio Phi = 0.8, resulting in a more stable flame. And the NH3/air flame Phi(b) = 0.78 with inlet bulk velocity U-in = 4 m/s can be extended wider by 16.6% to Phi(b) = 0.65. The NH3 flame front has been locally extinguished due to excessive stretching, which is the key factor of triggering the overall blow-off. Stretching is mainly caused by shear strain. CH4 addition makes the flame front more wrinkled. Furthermore, the flame is strengthened due to the enhanced resistance to stretching by blending CH4 with NH3. But the root of the NH3/CH4/air flames with methane fractions of 50% and 100% also have excessive straining near the blow-off conditions, which induces flame blow-off. The increase of burning velocity and temperature by adding CH4 is also conducive to improving flame stability. The Inner Shear Layer (ISL) vortexes promote the uniform mixing of combustion products in the Inner Recirculation Zone (IRZ) and downstream combustion gas, which is conducive to the stability of CH4/air flame. For NH3/air flame, the ISL vortexes accelerate the flame blow-off by entraining the cold reactants into the IRZ.
Keyword ：
Ammonia Blow-off Bluff-body and swirl burner Lean premixed combustion PIV/OH-PLIF
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| GB/T 7714 | Ji, Longjuan , Wang, Jinhua , Hu, Guangya et al. Experimental study on structure and blow-off characteristics of NH3/CH4 co-firing flames in a swirl combustor [J]. | FUEL , 2022 , 314 . |
| MLA | Ji, Longjuan et al. "Experimental study on structure and blow-off characteristics of NH3/CH4 co-firing flames in a swirl combustor" . | FUEL 314 (2022) . |
| APA | Ji, Longjuan , Wang, Jinhua , Hu, Guangya , Mao, Runze , Zhang, Weijie , Huang, Zuohua . Experimental study on structure and blow-off characteristics of NH3/CH4 co-firing flames in a swirl combustor . | FUEL , 2022 , 314 . |
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