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学者姓名：申胜平
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Abstract ：
Metals are prone to oxidation in high-temperature oxygen-containing environments, resulting in oxidative corrosion. This study proposes a fully coupled chemomechanical model and further develops a finite element method (FEM) to characterize the high-temperature oxidation process of metals. Then, we perform finite element analyses for surface oxidation of FeCrAlY alloy to verify the proposed chemomechanical model. Good agreements of FEM results with experimental observations suggest that the model can be used to predict the surface oxidation of metals. The numerical results also reveal the two-way coupling effects between chemical processes and mechanical stress. Furthermore, it is found that compressive stress could inhibit diffusion and chemical reaction in the oxide layer. In contrast, the stress distribution of the oxide layer can also be significantly influenced by compositional strain induced by the concentration change of diffusive species and growth strain induced by chemical reactions. In addition, we find that the barrier effect of alumina on diffusion can significantly slow down the growth of the oxide layer. This study provides an effective model for chemomechanical phenomena and may also shed light on the design of alloys in a request of resistance to oxidative corrosion.
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| GB/T 7714 | Chen, Xiaoqian , Deng, Feng , Shen, Shengping . Chemomechanical finite element analysis for surface oxidation of Aluminum alloy [J]. | ACTA MECHANICA , 2023 . |
| MLA | Chen, Xiaoqian 等. "Chemomechanical finite element analysis for surface oxidation of Aluminum alloy" . | ACTA MECHANICA (2023) . |
| APA | Chen, Xiaoqian , Deng, Feng , Shen, Shengping . Chemomechanical finite element analysis for surface oxidation of Aluminum alloy . | ACTA MECHANICA , 2023 . |
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Abstract ：
Poor rate capability, the biggest barrier to potential applications of electrochemical actuators (ECAs), is primarily resulted from symmetric electrochemical reactions. This makes it extremely difficult for ECAs to actuate above 1 Hz while maintaining sufficient displacement retainability compared with their actuations at relatively low frequencies, particularly when working in liquids. Here, tungsten trisulfide (WS3) assisted tungsten disulfide nano onions are synthesized through a one-step laser-assisted strategy. Using the irreversibility of WS3 in adsorbing hydrogen in an acidic solution, the electrochemical reaction of tungsten sulfide nano onions is tailored to realize an asymmetric redox reaction for breaking the symmetry of the electrical double layer and battery-like process. Experiments demonstrate that the ECA's response rate (0.24 mm(-1) s(-1)) is at least 10 times faster than that of the previously reported ECAs. Moreover, this ECA can actuate at 30 Hz and reaches top performance in liquids at 4 Hz with long-term durability (>90% after 23 000 cycles), which is comparable to that of electromagnetic and electrothermal actuators. To understand the electrochemical actuation of tungsten sulfide from the atomic scale to the macroscopic scale, density functional theory calculations are conducted and an electrochemomechanical coupling model is proposed. A new generation of subvolt electric-driven actuators used in underwater robotics can be developed by modulating the electrochemical response and chemomechanical coupling effect.
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| GB/T 7714 | Ji, Liang , Zhang, Gongxi , Li, Zhaoqi et al. High-frequency and rapid response tungsten sulfide nano onion-based electrochemical actuators [J]. | NANOSCALE , 2022 , 14 (37) : 13651-13660 . |
| MLA | Ji, Liang et al. "High-frequency and rapid response tungsten sulfide nano onion-based electrochemical actuators" . | NANOSCALE 14 . 37 (2022) : 13651-13660 . |
| APA | Ji, Liang , Zhang, Gongxi , Li, Zhaoqi , Cao, Hongyu , Shen, Shengping . High-frequency and rapid response tungsten sulfide nano onion-based electrochemical actuators . | NANOSCALE , 2022 , 14 (37) , 13651-13660 . |
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Abstract ：
Limited by the existing electrode nanostructures, electrochemical actuators (EAs) can hardly work with high response rate, while maintaining large deformations under low driving voltages. Herein, this challenge is overcome via constructing the heterogeneous interface mismatch of 2D Cu3(HHTP)2 MOFs and 3D Cu(OH)2 nanotubes for the first time. The mismatch of the spatial configurations at the heterogeneous interface leads to the modulation in nanostructures and thereby arrays of MOFs' crystals. Consequently, the 2D Cu3(HHTP)2 is tailored for integrating not only an inherent high porosity, but also a controllable crystal size, uniform distri-bution, and few layers-stacking structure, all of which contribute to the rate and quantity of migrated ions. Experiments indicate that the EA exhibits a large voltage-dependent deformation (0.463 mm-1 V-1), a high response rate (0.031 mm-1 s- 1 V-1), an ultra-low driving voltage (-0.2 V), and an upper limit of working frequency range as high as 20 Hz. Moreover, a mechanical stress of 19.24 MPa and an energy density of 23.94 kJ m- 3 at continuous working condition (-0.3 V, 0.01 Hz) are also achieved, further enabling the EA to actuate a block over 25 times heavier than itself easily. By introducing a new strategy for improving EAs' performance, this research promotes the potential application of next-generation EAs.
Keyword ：
Electrochemical actuators Interface mismatch Metal-organic frameworks Nanostructure modulation Redox pseudocapacitance
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| GB/T 7714 | Cao, Hongyu , Ji, Liang , Shen, Shengping . Heterogeneous interface mismatch-enhanced metal-organic frameworks (MOFs)-based electrochemical actuators [J]. | CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL , 2022 , 456 . |
| MLA | Cao, Hongyu et al. "Heterogeneous interface mismatch-enhanced metal-organic frameworks (MOFs)-based electrochemical actuators" . | CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL 456 (2022) . |
| APA | Cao, Hongyu , Ji, Liang , Shen, Shengping . Heterogeneous interface mismatch-enhanced metal-organic frameworks (MOFs)-based electrochemical actuators . | CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL , 2022 , 456 . |
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Abstract ：
Despite of extensive studies about surface oxidation of metals and alloys, the impact of external loadings on nanoscale initial oxidation remains relatively unclear. Here, we demonstrate that surface prestrains and dynamic loadings can effectively modulate the initial oxidation of Al(1-x)Nix alloys. We find that prestrains can not only suppress or promote outward and inward ionic diffusions, but change the oxygen Ehrlich-Schwobel (ES) barrier across oxide islands. The former affects the oxidation kinetics while the latter leads to a oxide growth mode transtion, which comprehensively determines the evolution of oxide nanostructure. In addition, we propose a theoretical chemo-mechanical coupling model to predict the internal stress evolution and the stress relaxation in Al0.7Ni0.3 oxidation. Finally, the study of Al and Al0.7Ni0.3 oxidations under dynamic strains shows that alloying nickel in aluminum effectively enhances the oxidation resistance under cyclic loadings by intensifying the chemo-mechanical coupling effect. Findings in this work may shed the light on the modulation of surface oxidation through applying mechanical loadings, and is helpful to the materials design and protection.
Keyword ：
Chemo-mechanical coupling Energy barriers Growth stress Initial stage oxidation Oxide islands
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| GB/T 7714 | Wu, Yihan , Yu, Wenshan , Shen, Shengping . Strain-modulated initial oxidation of Al((1-x))Ni(x )alloy surface [J]. | APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE , 2022 , 592 . |
| MLA | Wu, Yihan et al. "Strain-modulated initial oxidation of Al((1-x))Ni(x )alloy surface" . | APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE 592 (2022) . |
| APA | Wu, Yihan , Yu, Wenshan , Shen, Shengping . Strain-modulated initial oxidation of Al((1-x))Ni(x )alloy surface . | APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE , 2022 , 592 . |
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Abstract ：
A transient chemomechanical coupling formulation for solid continuum is presented. The second-order rate and the characterized time are introduced to include the transient effect through Taylor expansion. The transient Reynold's transport theorem is derived with the new products or material elimination considered. Based on conservation laws and the second law of thermodynamic, we state a consistent Helmholtz-energy-based framework. The transient field equations take mechanical and chemical contributions and microscopic time into account. Either microscopic time or chemical reactions leads to the unsymmetry of the stress tensor. The relationship of Helmholtz energy and constitutive properties, the evolution equations, and the entropy are consistent with the classical continuum thermodynamics and the constitutive theory in continuum mechanics. Further, the transient equations of thermal conduction and diffusion with finite velocity are naturally derived rather than postulated, and a comparison with the existing theories is discussed.
Keyword ：
chemical reaction chemomechanics constitutive modeling of materials heat transfer second-order rate thermodynamics transient
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| GB/T 7714 | Shen, Shengping . Transient Continuum Mechanics and Chemomechanics [J]. | JOURNAL OF APPLIED MECHANICS-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME , 2022 , 89 (6) . |
| MLA | Shen, Shengping . "Transient Continuum Mechanics and Chemomechanics" . | JOURNAL OF APPLIED MECHANICS-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME 89 . 6 (2022) . |
| APA | Shen, Shengping . Transient Continuum Mechanics and Chemomechanics . | JOURNAL OF APPLIED MECHANICS-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME , 2022 , 89 (6) . |
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Abstract ：
Electrochemical processes in solids are affected by the properties of various interfaces, where the flexoelectric effect manifests itself considerably due to the inevitable strong gradient fields. Thus, it is crucial to study the coupling between the electrochemical process and the flexoelectric effect. Based on the continuum theory, we conducted the finite element implementation for the flexochemical effect, being the coupling between flexoelectricity, Vegard effect and chemical reactions. Then, the developed method is employed to investigate the flexochemical effect arising in scanning probe microscopy (SPM), including evaluating the contributions from the flexoelectric effect and Vegard effect to the electromechanical response on material SrTiO3 (STO) in piezoresponse force microscopy (PFM) as well as to mechanical redistribution of oxygen vacancy in STO. It is found that at room temperature the nanoscale electromechanical response of the undoped STO in PFM imaging is mainly induced by the converse flexoelectricity while the contribution of direct Vegard effect is negligible. Furthermore, the contact force exerted by SPM tip in manipulating the redistribution of oxygen vacancies is multifunctional, including diminishing vacancies underneath the contact area and enriching the regions around the tip-surface contact edge and inside the sample below the tip, resulting from the synergy of the converse Vegard effect and the direct flexoelectricity. These analyses explain some experimental observations well. This paper provides a continuum framework for the analysis of electrochemomechanical systems with the flexoelectric effect.
Keyword ：
electrochemical properties finite element method flexochemical effect flexoelectricity scanning probe microscopy
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| GB/T 7714 | Zhang, Gongxi , Deng, Feng , Liu, Wenyuan et al. Analysis of flexochemical effect and its application in scanning probe microscopy [J]. | JOURNAL OF PHYSICS D-APPLIED PHYSICS , 2022 , 55 (31) . |
| MLA | Zhang, Gongxi et al. "Analysis of flexochemical effect and its application in scanning probe microscopy" . | JOURNAL OF PHYSICS D-APPLIED PHYSICS 55 . 31 (2022) . |
| APA | Zhang, Gongxi , Deng, Feng , Liu, Wenyuan , Shen, Shengping . Analysis of flexochemical effect and its application in scanning probe microscopy . | JOURNAL OF PHYSICS D-APPLIED PHYSICS , 2022 , 55 (31) . |
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Abstract ：
In this study, responses of Lamb waves to a bias electric field in a nanoplate with the consideration of piezoelectricity, flexoelectricity, and strain gradient elasticity are investigated. First, governing equations and boundary conditions of acoustic waves propagating in bias fields are derived. Then, dispersion equations under a bias electric field are obtained and solved numerically. Numerical solutions indicate that flexoelectricity can enhance the response of Lamb waves to external bias electric fields. It is also found that the competition between flexoelectricity and strain gradient elasticity leads to a complex variation of the voltage sensitivity with respect to the wavelength and frequency of Lamb waves. Our work may provide a way of resolving the contradiction between high sensitivity and miniaturization in the conventional voltage sensors based on surface acoustic waves. The theoretical results can guide a new design of voltage sensors with high sensitivity.
Keyword ：
bias voltage flexoelectricity lamb wave nanoplate strain gradient elasticity
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| GB/T 7714 | Lv, Sihao , Yang, Wenjun , Deng, Qian et al. Enhancing Responses of Lamb Waves to Bias Electric Fields by Flexoelectricity [J]. | JOURNAL OF APPLIED MECHANICS-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME , 2022 , 89 (3) . |
| MLA | Lv, Sihao et al. "Enhancing Responses of Lamb Waves to Bias Electric Fields by Flexoelectricity" . | JOURNAL OF APPLIED MECHANICS-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME 89 . 3 (2022) . |
| APA | Lv, Sihao , Yang, Wenjun , Deng, Qian , Shen, Shengping . Enhancing Responses of Lamb Waves to Bias Electric Fields by Flexoelectricity . | JOURNAL OF APPLIED MECHANICS-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME , 2022 , 89 (3) . |
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Abstract ：
The complex constituent elements and nanoscale structures of a silicate glass material significantly affect its general properties, which challenges the prediction of macroscopic structure-property relations. In this study, a statistical analysis procedure is proposed to establish nanoscale structure-property relations of xSiO(2)-(1-x)Al2O3 aluminosilicate glass. The nanostructural complexities in terms of Al2O3 content as well as type, size and distribution of internal defects are considered by using multiple nanostructure descriptors. Based on principal component analysis (PCA) and polynomial regression, we then establish high dimensional predictive models with simple formulas and high accuracies. Using the developed model, massive data is generated (over 30,000 data points) for a multivariate global sensitivity analysis (GSA). Finally, nanostructural variables influential to the mutually correlated mechanical properties are identified; their individual, interactional and total effects are quantitatively evaluated. The findings of this work not only reveal the complex nanostructure-property relations for the aluminosilicate glass, but also offer a feasible solution to model establishment and GSA performance for a high dimensional system, both of which usually require massive training data and are computationally too expensive.
Keyword ：
Crack propagation Global sensitivity analysis Nanodefects Principal component analysis Silicate glass
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| GB/T 7714 | Wu, Yihan , Yu, Wenshan , Shen, Shengping . Statistical analysis on nanostructure-mechanical property relations for xSiO(2)-(1-x)Al2O3 aluminosilicate glass with voids and inclusions [J]. | CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL , 2021 , 47 (21) : 29584-29597 . |
| MLA | Wu, Yihan et al. "Statistical analysis on nanostructure-mechanical property relations for xSiO(2)-(1-x)Al2O3 aluminosilicate glass with voids and inclusions" . | CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL 47 . 21 (2021) : 29584-29597 . |
| APA | Wu, Yihan , Yu, Wenshan , Shen, Shengping . Statistical analysis on nanostructure-mechanical property relations for xSiO(2)-(1-x)Al2O3 aluminosilicate glass with voids and inclusions . | CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL , 2021 , 47 (21) , 29584-29597 . |
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Abstract ：
It is highly desirable to discover an electromechanical coupling that allows a dielectric material to generate curvature in response to a uniform electric field, which would help to simplify device design and reduce interface failure in designing actuators. Flexoelectricity, a two-way coupling between polarization and strain gradient, is a good candidate. However, its applications are usually limited to the nanoscale due to its inherent size dependence. Here, an inverse flexoelectret effect in silicone elastomers is introduced to overcome this limitation. On the basis of this idea, a flexing actuator that can generate large curvature at the millimeter length scale is fabricated and shown to have excellent actuation performance, comparable with that of current nanoscale flexoelectric actuators. Theoretical analysis indicates that the phenomenon originates from the interplay of electrets and Maxwell stress. This work opens an avenue for applying macroscopic flexoelectricity in actuators and flexible electronics. © 2021 American Physical Society.
Keyword ：
Actuators Dielectric materials Electric fields Electromechanical coupling Electromechanical devices Flexible electronics Nanotechnology Silicones
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| GB/T 7714 | Wen, Xin , Tan, Kai , Deng, Qian et al. Inverse Flexoelectret Effect: Bending Dielectrics by a Uniform Electric Field [J]. | Physical Review Applied , 2021 , 15 (1) . |
| MLA | Wen, Xin et al. "Inverse Flexoelectret Effect: Bending Dielectrics by a Uniform Electric Field" . | Physical Review Applied 15 . 1 (2021) . |
| APA | Wen, Xin , Tan, Kai , Deng, Qian , Shen, Shengping . Inverse Flexoelectret Effect: Bending Dielectrics by a Uniform Electric Field . | Physical Review Applied , 2021 , 15 (1) . |
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Abstract ：
Transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) have long been thought to be alternatives for noble Pt/Ir metals as hydrogen evolution reaction electrocatalysts. However, sparse active sites and poor electrical property, two of the most formidable challenges for their electrocatalytic performance, can hardly be improved just by existing methods. Herein, tungsten (W)@tungsten disulfide (WS2) core-shell nanospheres (CSNSs) were synthesized via one-step laser-assisted strategy. Through introducing multifunctional CSNSs, metallic WS2 hierarchically curves on the W core with a curvature as high as 10(-2) nm(-1) make the interlayer spacing of WS2 broaden significantly and then expose more catalytic sites. Moreover, the electrical conductivity of the electrocatalyst rises 4.5 times via a highly electroconductive W core. The electrochemical surface area of WS2 is also greatly enlarged by forming a 3D nanospheres-aggregated nanoporous van der Waals heterostructure. Calculations indicate that CSNSs contribute to optimizing the hydrogen adsorption Gibbs free energy, and modulating the electronic occupation around the Fermi level. Among these, W sites on the curved shell emerge as the most active catalytic centers. Further experiments demonstrate that W@WS2 CSNSs can therefore exhibit superior catalytic activities featuring a small overpotential of 161 mV at 10 mA cm(-2), an ultralong durability in acids (similar to 100 h) and most importantly, the smallest Tafel slope (34.5 mV dec(-1)) and the biggest electrical double-layer capacitance (62.2 mF cm(-2)) among WS2-based electrocatalysts. This study opens a pathway to develop site-rich and highly electroconductive TMDs, which not only act as high performance water electrolysis catalysts on a large scale, but can also be used for batteries, supercapacitors and electrochemical actuators.
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| GB/T 7714 | Ji, Liang , Cao, Hongyu , Xing, Wensi et al. Facilitating electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution via multifunctional tungsten@tungsten disulfide core-shell nanospheres dagger [J]. | JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY A , 2021 , 9 (14) : 9272-9280 . |
| MLA | Ji, Liang et al. "Facilitating electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution via multifunctional tungsten@tungsten disulfide core-shell nanospheres dagger" . | JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY A 9 . 14 (2021) : 9272-9280 . |
| APA | Ji, Liang , Cao, Hongyu , Xing, Wensi , Liu, Shuaicheng , Deng, Qian , Shen, Shengping . Facilitating electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution via multifunctional tungsten@tungsten disulfide core-shell nanospheres dagger . | JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY A , 2021 , 9 (14) , 9272-9280 . |
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