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Abstract ：
Objectives: This study aimed to explore the association between maternity formula supplementation and small for gestational age (SGA) status in Chinese newborns. Methods: Data were from a population-based cross-sectional survey conducted in Shaanxi, Northwest China between August and December 2013. A total of 27 780 women pregnant with singletons and 356 with twins were included in this survey. Information on use of maternity formulas fortified with vitamins, folic acid, pantothenic acid, calcium, iron, zinc, and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) was collected. SGA was defined as birthweight <10th percentile of fetal growth. Generalized linear models and estimating equation models were used to estimate crude odds ratios (ORs) or adjusted ORs with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for SGA. Results: The rate of maternity formula supplementation during the entire pregnancy was 13.0% in the overall population. There was no significant association between maternal formula supplementation during pregnancy and the risk of total SGA birth (OR: 1.00; 95% CI, 0.90-1.11; P = 0.950). However, maternity formula supplementation during pregnancy was related to a lower risk of SGA for twins (OR: 0.49; 95% CI, 0.31-0.80; P = 0.004), twin A (OR: 0.50; 95% CI, 0.25-0.98; P = 0.045), and twin B (OR: 0.48; 95% CI, 0.25-0.95; P = 0.034). Furthermore, maternity formula supplementation during the first trimester was inversely associated with the risk of SGA birth of twins (OR: 0.32; 95% CI, 0.15-0.65; P = 0.002). Conclusions: No significant association was observed between maternity formula supplementation and total SGA birth. However, women supplemented with maternal formula during pregnancy, especially during the first trimester, may have a reduced risk of SGA birth of twins.
Keyword ：
Maternity formula Pregnancy Small for gestational age Twins
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| GB/T 7714 | Zhang, Binyan , Mi, Baibing , Liu, Danmeng et al. Association of maternity formula supplementation during pregnancy with small for gestational age birth in Chinese newborns [J]. | NUTRITION , 2023 , 105 . |
| MLA | Zhang, Binyan et al. "Association of maternity formula supplementation during pregnancy with small for gestational age birth in Chinese newborns" . | NUTRITION 105 (2023) . |
| APA | Zhang, Binyan , Mi, Baibing , Liu, Danmeng , Liu, Huimeng , Wang, Yutong , Shi, Guoshuai et al. Association of maternity formula supplementation during pregnancy with small for gestational age birth in Chinese newborns . | NUTRITION , 2023 , 105 . |
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Abstract ：
Aims: Problematic social media use is increasing in China and could be a risk factor for depression. We investigated cross-sectional associations between problematic social media use and depressive outcomes among Chinese college students with potential mediation by perceived social support, social media violence, and loneliness. Thereafter, we evaluated the effectiveness of a one-month group counseling intervention in reducing depressive symptoms related to social media addiction. Methods: Depressive symptoms, social media addiction, perceived social support, social media violence, and loneliness were self-reported among 21,000 college students in Shaanxi province, China. A randomized controlled trial was designed based on the results of the observational study and Satir Transformational Systemic Therapy (STST) among 60 college students assigned to intervention (N = 30) or control/no treatment (N = 30). Self-administered surveys were completed at baseline (T1), at the end of the 1-month intervention (T2), and at 2-month follow-up post-intervention (T3). Results: After controlling for relevant covariates, more problematic social media use was associated with more depressive symptoms (beta = 0.18, p < 0.001) and depression (OR = 1.08, 95% CI: 1.075, 1.092). Multiple mediation analyses found that perceived social support, social media violence, and loneliness significantly mediated associations between problematic social media use and depressive symptoms (model fit: RMSEA = 0.065, GFI = 0.984, CFI = 0.982). Bootstrapping revealed significant indirect effects of problematic social media use on depressive symptoms through the mediators named above (0.143, 95% CI: 0.133, 0.156). The subsequently informed intervention significantly reduced depressive symptoms at T2 (mean difference: -12.70, 95% CI: -16.64, -8.76, p < 0.001) and at T3 (mean difference: -8.70, 95% CI: -12.60, -4.80, p < 0.001), as well as levels of social media addiction, perceived social support, social media violence, and loneliness. Conclusions: Problematic social media use is a risk factor for depressive outcomes among Chinese college students, and perceived social support, social media violence, and loneliness mediate this association. STST-based group counseling may reduce depressive symptoms related to high social media usage in this population.
Keyword ：
college students depressive symptoms loneliness perceived social support social media use social media violence
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| GB/T 7714 | Chen, Yonghua , Liu, Xi , Chiu, Dorothy T. et al. Problematic Social Media Use and Depressive Outcomes among College Students in China: Observational and Experimental Findings [J]. | INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH , 2022 , 19 (9) . |
| MLA | Chen, Yonghua et al. "Problematic Social Media Use and Depressive Outcomes among College Students in China: Observational and Experimental Findings" . | INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 19 . 9 (2022) . |
| APA | Chen, Yonghua , Liu, Xi , Chiu, Dorothy T. , Li, Ying , Mi, Baibing , Zhang, Yue et al. Problematic Social Media Use and Depressive Outcomes among College Students in China: Observational and Experimental Findings . | INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH , 2022 , 19 (9) . |
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Abstract ：
目的 评价陕西汉中农村居民膳食总脂肪及脂肪酸摄入量与高血压患病风险的关系.方法 采用横断面研究,利用半定量食物频率问卷调查陕西汉中地区18～80岁农村居民的膳食情况.使用log-binomial和限制性立方样条估计单不饱和脂肪酸、多不饱和脂肪酸和饱和脂肪酸3种脂肪酸和总脂肪摄入量与高血压的关联及剂量-反应关系.结果 共调查2241人,其中男性774人,女性1467.调查人群单不饱和脂肪酸摄入量占总脂肪51.9％,多不饱和脂肪酸和饱和脂肪酸共占48.1％;男性总脂肪和3种脂肪酸摄入量均明显高于女性(P<0.001).女性人群中,调整能量、部分社会人口学因素和生活方式后,Q1组为参照,单不饱和脂肪酸Q4组人群高血压患病风险明显降低(PR:0.71,95％CI:0.54～0.92;趋势检验P=0.022).限制性立方样条分析结果显示,女性人群单不饱和脂肪酸摄入量与高血压患病风险呈非线性剂量-反应关系(非线性检验,P<0.01).总脂肪、饱和脂肪酸和多不饱和脂肪酸与高血压患病风险无统计学关联.结论 女性人群中,增加单不饱和脂肪酸的摄入可能在降低高血压患病风险方面具有积极作用,需要进一步研究验证因果推断和拐点的合理性.
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| GB/T 7714 | 刘如如 , 颜虹 , 赵亚玲 et al. 陕西汉中农村居民膳食脂肪酸摄入量与高血压的关系 [J]. | 西安交通大学学报（医学版） , 2021 , 42 (4) : 617-622 . |
| MLA | 刘如如 et al. "陕西汉中农村居民膳食脂肪酸摄入量与高血压的关系" . | 西安交通大学学报（医学版） 42 . 4 (2021) : 617-622 . |
| APA | 刘如如 , 颜虹 , 赵亚玲 , 李强 , 王欣 , 付晗 et al. 陕西汉中农村居民膳食脂肪酸摄入量与高血压的关系 . | 西安交通大学学报（医学版） , 2021 , 42 (4) , 617-622 . |
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Abstract ：
目的 描述婴幼儿体重指数(BMI)生长轨迹,探讨辅食添加的时间和质量对婴幼儿BMI生长轨迹的影响.方法 采用队列研究设计,对符合纳入条件的1388名新生儿进行随访,1岁内每三个月一次,1～2岁每半年一次,随访内容包括:体格测量、喂养、户外活动、患病等.采用潜变量增长混合模型拟合0～2岁BMI生长轨迹,运用多水平Logistic回归模型分析辅食添加对不同BMI生长轨迹的影响.结果 纳入分析的1255名婴幼儿的BMI生长轨迹主要划分为六类:"正常平稳"(6.5％)、"正常-加速"(4.8％)、"正常-减缓"(28.0％)、"持续偏低"(32.9％)、"追赶生长"(17.8％)和"追赶生长-加速"(10.0％).以"正常平稳"组作为参考,多水平Logistic回归模型显示:辅食添加早于6个月可显著增加"追赶生长"(OR=2.16,95％CI 1.01～4.83)和"追赶生长-加速"(OR=3.13,95％CI 1.35～7.25)模式发生的危险;调整混杂因素后,此关系仍成立(OR=2.41,95％CI 1.03～5.63;OR=3.46,95％CI 1.41～8.48).1岁时较低的喂养指数得分可显著增加"追赶生长"(OR=2.50,95％CI 1.23～5.05)模式发生的危险;调整混杂因素后,此关系仍然成立(OR=2.35,95％CI 1.10～5.07).结论 研究地区婴幼儿BMI生长轨迹以"正常-减缓"、"持续偏低"和"追赶生长"三种模式为主;辅食添加的时间和质量会对婴幼儿BMI生长轨迹产生影响.
Keyword ：
出生队列 辅食添加 生长轨迹 体重指数 婴幼儿
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| GB/T 7714 | 周静 , 曾令霞 , 米白冰 et al. 辅食添加对中国西部农村地区婴幼儿体重指数生长轨迹影响的出生队列研究 [J]. | 中国儿童保健杂志 , 2021 , 29 (6) : 594-599 . |
| MLA | 周静 et al. "辅食添加对中国西部农村地区婴幼儿体重指数生长轨迹影响的出生队列研究" . | 中国儿童保健杂志 29 . 6 (2021) : 594-599 . |
| APA | 周静 , 曾令霞 , 米白冰 , 裴磊磊 , 颜虹 . 辅食添加对中国西部农村地区婴幼儿体重指数生长轨迹影响的出生队列研究 . | 中国儿童保健杂志 , 2021 , 29 (6) , 594-599 . |
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Abstract ：
目的:探讨陕西省育龄妇女围孕期钙补充与单胎新生儿小于胎龄儿（SGA）发生风险之间的关联性。方法:采用多阶段随机整群抽样方法，以面对面问卷调查方式收集2010-2013年陕西省30个区（县）曾经怀孕且结局明确的育龄妇女及其生育子女信息。以单胎新生儿是否为SGA为因变量，分别以育龄妇女围孕期和不同孕期是否进行钙补充为自变量，调整协变量，采用广义线性混合模型进行建模分析。结果:最终纳入育龄妇女28 357名，年龄（28.08±4.74）岁；农村居民占79.28%；围孕期钙补充率达60.90%。单胎新生儿中，女婴12 810名（45.17%），体重为（3.27±0.16）kg，胎龄（277.44±8.80）d；SGA发生率为11.35%，其中母亲围孕期进行钙补充SGA发生率为10.48%，母亲围孕期未进行钙补充SGA发生率为12.70%。母亲是否为高龄产妇、母亲户籍、母亲职业、母亲产次、母亲文化程度、家庭经济状况对其围孕期是否进行钙补充的影响，差异均有统计学意义（ P<0.05）。广义线性混合模型在调整上述协变量后，结果显示，育龄妇女围孕期进行钙补充，其单胎子女发生SGA风险减少16%（ OR=0.84，95% CI：0.77~0.92）。进一步对围孕期的不同时期分析显示，孕中期和孕晚期进行钙补充对新生儿SGA发生风险的降低差异有统计学意义（ P<0.05）。围孕期钙补充与SGA结局关联的亚组分析显示，非高龄产妇、母亲文化程度较低且家庭经济状况为中等，其围孕期进行钙补充与其单胎新生儿是否为SGA之间差异有统计学意义（ P<0.05）。 结论:育龄妇女围孕期进行钙补充与陕西省单胎新生SGA的发生风险降低有关。
Keyword ：
钙补充 广义线性混合模型 小于胎龄儿
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| GB/T 7714 | 高翔宇 , 李姗姗 , 武文韬 et al. 陕西省育龄妇女围孕期钙补充与单胎小于胎龄儿的关联性探索分析 [J]. | 中华流行病学杂志 , 2021 , 42 (4) : 651-655 . |
| MLA | 高翔宇 et al. "陕西省育龄妇女围孕期钙补充与单胎小于胎龄儿的关联性探索分析" . | 中华流行病学杂志 42 . 4 (2021) : 651-655 . |
| APA | 高翔宇 , 李姗姗 , 武文韬 , 杜姣洋 , 吴晨璐 , 蒋茜 et al. 陕西省育龄妇女围孕期钙补充与单胎小于胎龄儿的关联性探索分析 . | 中华流行病学杂志 , 2021 , 42 (4) , 651-655 . |
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Abstract ：
目的 应用SAS CAUSALMED过程步进行反事实因果分析,为探讨考虑混杂因素及交互作用下的中介作用及因果关系提供依据.方法 以"父母鼓励是否影响儿童认知发展,父母鼓励的效果是否受儿童学习动机的调节"为例,详细介绍了使用SAS CAUSALMED过程步进行中介分析的步骤和结果的解释.结果 通过实例,SAS CAUSALMED过程步可以便捷地对中介作用及其大小进行估计,包括对混杂因素的控制.结论 SAS CAUSALMED过程步可实现各类变量下的中介分析,特别是考虑混杂因素及交互作用下的中介分析.
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| GB/T 7714 | 吴立晨 , 闫淼佳 , 赵芃 et al. 应用SAS实现考虑混杂因素及交互作用下的中介分析 [J]. | 中国卫生统计 , 2021 , 38 (4) : 631-635 . |
| MLA | 吴立晨 et al. "应用SAS实现考虑混杂因素及交互作用下的中介分析" . | 中国卫生统计 38 . 4 (2021) : 631-635 . |
| APA | 吴立晨 , 闫淼佳 , 赵芃 , 徐坤 , 陈方尧 , 曾令霞 et al. 应用SAS实现考虑混杂因素及交互作用下的中介分析 . | 中国卫生统计 , 2021 , 38 (4) , 631-635 . |
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目的 旨在介绍条件相关假设下,使用经验似然法估计无"金标准"诊断试验准确性评价相关参数的方法.方法 基于已有的Hui-Walter模型构建条件简化模型,即在条件相关假设下,通过构建条件似然函数,得到诊断试验评价相关参数的估计.结果 该方法在条件相关假设下通过构建条件似然函数,得到包括当前样本患病率、灵敏度及特异度等相关参数可靠且稳健的估计值.结论 该方法简化了无"金标准"诊断试验分析的条件,扩展了无"金标准"诊断试验评价的应用范围,是一种新的行之有效的无"金标准"诊断试验准确性评价的方法.
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| GB/T 7714 | 赵芃 , 吴立晨 , 闫淼佳 et al. 条件相关假设下条件似然方法在无"金标准"诊断试验准确性评价中的应用 [J]. | 中国医院统计 , 2021 , 28 (3) : 206-210 . |
| MLA | 赵芃 et al. "条件相关假设下条件似然方法在无"金标准"诊断试验准确性评价中的应用" . | 中国医院统计 28 . 3 (2021) : 206-210 . |
| APA | 赵芃 , 吴立晨 , 闫淼佳 , 米白冰 , 陈方尧 , 颜虹 . 条件相关假设下条件似然方法在无"金标准"诊断试验准确性评价中的应用 . | 中国医院统计 , 2021 , 28 (3) , 206-210 . |
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Abstract ：
自2001年起，西安交通大学结合自身医学教育积淀，明确提出了"少教多学，导学互动"的人才培养理念，面向全体临床医学学生开展改革。历经十余年教育教学改革，系统地构建了全新的管理架构，并建立了基础临床融通的器官系统整合课程体系与PBL教学模式。该模式涉及培养方案、课程模式、教材、教学方法、学习方式、考核评价、教学组织、教学条件与保障等八个方面的综合改革，为全国兄弟院校的整合课程改革提供范例，在我国医学教育史上将具有里程碑意义。
Keyword ：
器官系统整合课程 问题导向式学习 医学教育改革
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| GB/T 7714 | 颜虹 , 王渊 , 刘进军 et al. "基于器官系统整合课程和PBL"的全方位医学教育教学改革与实践 [J]. | 中华医学教育探索杂志 , 2021 , 20 (10) : 1123-1127 . |
| MLA | 颜虹 et al. ""基于器官系统整合课程和PBL"的全方位医学教育教学改革与实践" . | 中华医学教育探索杂志 20 . 10 (2021) : 1123-1127 . |
| APA | 颜虹 , 王渊 , 刘进军 , 张澍 , 寻萌 , 艾婷 et al. "基于器官系统整合课程和PBL"的全方位医学教育教学改革与实践 . | 中华医学教育探索杂志 , 2021 , 20 (10) , 1123-1127 . |
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This study aims to investigate the difference of pelvic size and shape between Tibetan and Chinese Han women. Data on pelvic dimension measures including interspinous diameter (IS), intercrestal diameter (IC), external conjugate (EC) and transverse outlet (TO) were acquired from two population-based studies amongst Tibetan women in Lhasa, and Chinese Han women in Shaanxi province in China. After coarsened exact matching, there was no statistical difference between any characteristics amongst Tibetan and Chinese Han women (p>.05). The generalised estimating equation models showed Tibetan women had significantly lower IS and IC means than Chinese Han women (IS: 24.39 cm vs. 24.77 cm, p<.001; IC: 26.35 cm vs. 26.93 cm, p<.001) but statistically higher in TO mean (9.12 cm vs. 9.03 cm, p<.001). This study showed Tibetan women have smaller pelvis compared to Chinese Han women. This should offer a useful literature on the comparison of pelvis between Tibetan and Chinese Han women although the difference is small.Impact Statement What is already known on this subject? Previous studies in China indicated different populations have different dimensions of pelvis, with the pelvis of Uighur women being bigger than Chinese Han women, and that of Zhuang and Tu women being smaller than Chinese Han women. Little research reports the specific size of Tibetan women's pelvis. Living at high altitude, the Tibetan population have differentiated demographics and show local adaptions, such as unelevated haemoglobin, and significant catch-up growth for infants compared with Chinese Han infants. Therefore, there is a strong rationale for better understanding pelvic characteristics amongst this population. What the results of this study add? This study showed Tibetan women have smaller pelvises compared to Chinese Han women. Tibetan women have a smaller interspinous diameter and intercrestal diameter than Chinese Han women, which leads to relatively narrow hip. What the implications are of these findings for clinical practice and/or further research? This study provides useful comparative information on pelvic features between Tibetan and Chinese Han women although the findings of differences were small. In addition, during the formulation of women's health policy, the results of this study can provide data to support the selection of appropriate indicators of obstetrics and gynaecology for different populations of pregnant women during antenatal care and delivery.
Keyword ：
Chinese Han women coarsened exact matching Pelvis population-based study Tibetan women
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| GB/T 7714 | Fan, Xiaojing , Zhou, Zhongliang , Stewart, Martyn et al. Comparing the pelvis of Tibetan and Chinese Han women in rural areas of China: two population-based studies using coarsened exact matching [J]. | JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNAECOLOGY , 2021 , 42 (3) : 403-409 . |
| MLA | Fan, Xiaojing et al. "Comparing the pelvis of Tibetan and Chinese Han women in rural areas of China: two population-based studies using coarsened exact matching" . | JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNAECOLOGY 42 . 3 (2021) : 403-409 . |
| APA | Fan, Xiaojing , Zhou, Zhongliang , Stewart, Martyn , Wang, Duolao , Lan, Xin , Dang, Shaonong et al. Comparing the pelvis of Tibetan and Chinese Han women in rural areas of China: two population-based studies using coarsened exact matching . | JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNAECOLOGY , 2021 , 42 (3) , 403-409 . |
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Abstract ：
医学研究中数据质量是决定研究成败的关键，因此做好数据的质量控制工作是确保研究成功的重要一环。REDCap系统是医学研究领域中一种新兴的数据采集系统，在国内外研究中逐渐得到应用。如何应用REDCap系统实现医学研究数据的双录入及质量控制，是研究者们在研究中应用该系统时关心的热点问题。本文将从研究项目的创建、数据采集工具的设计、数据的双录入、数据核查和导出等方面，系统全面地介绍如何利用REDCap系统进行数据双录入及质量控制。
Keyword ：
REDCap 双录入 医学研究 质量控制
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| GB/T 7714 | 闫淼佳 , 赵芃 , 吴立晨 et al. 利用REDCap系统进行数据双录入及质量控制的方法 [J]. | 中华流行病学杂志 , 2021 , 42 (5) : 918-922 . |
| MLA | 闫淼佳 et al. "利用REDCap系统进行数据双录入及质量控制的方法" . | 中华流行病学杂志 42 . 5 (2021) : 918-922 . |
| APA | 闫淼佳 , 赵芃 , 吴立晨 , 徐坤 , 颜虹 , 曾令霞 et al. 利用REDCap系统进行数据双录入及质量控制的方法 . | 中华流行病学杂志 , 2021 , 42 (5) , 918-922 . |
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