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学者姓名：吕毅
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Abstract ：
Liver fibrosis is a fibrogenic and inflammatory process that results from hepatocyte injury and is characterized by hepatic architectural distortion and resultant loss of liver function. There is no effective treatment for advanced fibrosis other than liver transplantation, but it is limited by expensive costs, immune rejection, and postoperative complications. With the development of regenerative medicine in recent years, mesenchymal stem cell (MSCs) transplantation has become the most promising treatment for liver fibrosis. The underlying mechanisms of MSC anti-fibrotic effects include hepatocyte differentiation, paracrine, and immunomodulation, with immunomodulation playing a central role. This review discusses the immune cells involved in liver fibrosis, the immunomodulatory properties of MSCs, and the immunomodulation mechanisms of MSC-based strategies to attenuate liver fibrosis. Meanwhile, we discuss the current challenges and future directions as well.
Keyword ：
antifibrosis exosome immunomodulatory effects liver fibrosis mesenchymal stem cell
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| GB/T 7714 | Liu, Peng , Qian, Yerong , Liu, Xin et al. Immunomodulatory role of mesenchymal stem cell therapy in liver fibrosis [J]. | FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY , 2023 , 13 . |
| MLA | Liu, Peng et al. "Immunomodulatory role of mesenchymal stem cell therapy in liver fibrosis" . | FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY 13 (2023) . |
| APA | Liu, Peng , Qian, Yerong , Liu, Xin , Zhu, Xulong , Zhang, Xufeng , Lv, Yi et al. Immunomodulatory role of mesenchymal stem cell therapy in liver fibrosis . | FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY , 2023 , 13 . |
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Abstract ：
Combined esophageal atresia (EA), tracheoesophageal fistula (TEF) and duodenal obstruction result in various challenges in management, and a well-defined management protocol is still lacking. Esophageal stricture is the most common complication after EA repair. The use of magnetic compression alimentary tract anastomosis has been reported in children. By searching the literature, the present study reports the first case of simultaneous repair (EA repair followed by duodenal obstruction repair) and magnetic compression stricturoplasty for refractory esophageal stricture after EA repair in two male neonates. One of the neonates received delayed treatment of duodenal obstruction, and the other successfully underwent a simultaneous emergency operation of these combined anomalies. These two infants developed refractory strictures despite multiple endoscopic dilatation procedures during the postoperative follow-up period. Magnetic compression stricturoplasty procedures were successfully performed under fluoroscopic and endoscopic guidance without any leakage or complication. At the follow-up 10-months after stricturoplasty, the two patients achieved durable esophageal patency in the absence of dysphagia. Combination of early chest and abdominal X-ray detection is recommended to avoid a delayed diagnosis and treatment, as well as the synchronous operation for EA/TEF repair and duodenoduodenostomy in a single surgery for combined EA/TEF and duodenal obstructions. Therefore, magnetic compression stricturoplasty is a feasible and efficient method for establishing early patency of the esophagus in patients with refractory EA stricture.
Keyword ：
duodenal obstruction esophageal atresia esophageal stricture interventional endoscopy magnetic compression anastomosis tracheoesophageal fistula
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| GB/T 7714 | Liu, Shiqi , Fang, Ying , Lv, Yi et al. Magnetic compression stricturoplasty in patients with severe stricture after simultaneous esophageal atresia and duodenal obstruction repair: A case report [J]. | EXPERIMENTAL AND THERAPEUTIC MEDICINE , 2022 , 23 (1) . |
| MLA | Liu, Shiqi et al. "Magnetic compression stricturoplasty in patients with severe stricture after simultaneous esophageal atresia and duodenal obstruction repair: A case report" . | EXPERIMENTAL AND THERAPEUTIC MEDICINE 23 . 1 (2022) . |
| APA | Liu, Shiqi , Fang, Ying , Lv, Yi , Zhao, Jingru , Luo, Ruixue , Luo, Ruogu et al. Magnetic compression stricturoplasty in patients with severe stricture after simultaneous esophageal atresia and duodenal obstruction repair: A case report . | EXPERIMENTAL AND THERAPEUTIC MEDICINE , 2022 , 23 (1) . |
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Cancer immunotherapy has shown promising therapeutic results in the clinic, albeit only in a limited number of cancer types, and its efficacy remains less than satisfactory. Nanoparticle-based approaches have been shown to increase the response to immunotherapies to address this limitation. In particular, magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) as a powerful manipulator are an appealing option for comprehensively regulating the immune system in vivo due to their unique magnetically responsive properties and high biocompatibility. This review focuses on assessing the potential applications of MNPs in enhancing tumor accumulation of immunotherapeutic agents and immunogenicity, improving immune cell infiltration, and creating an immunotherapy-sensitive environment. We summarize recent progress in the application of MNP-based manipulators to augment the efficacy of immunotherapy, by MNPs and their multiple magnetically responsive effects under different types of external magnetic field. Furthermore, we highlight the mechanisms underlying the promotion of antitumor immunity, including magnetically actuated delivery and controlled release of immunotherapeutic agents, tracking and visualization of immune response in real time, and magnetic regulation of innate/adaptive immune cells. Finally, we consider perspectives and challenges in MNP-based immunotherapy.
Keyword ：
Immune-checkpoint blockade therapy Immunogenicity Magnetic hyperthermia Magnetic nanoparticles Nanodelivery system
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| GB/T 7714 | Yan, Bin , Wang, Siyao , Liu, Chen et al. Engineering magnetic nano-manipulators for boosting cancer immunotherapy [J]. | JOURNAL OF NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY , 2022 , 20 (1) . |
| MLA | Yan, Bin et al. "Engineering magnetic nano-manipulators for boosting cancer immunotherapy" . | JOURNAL OF NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY 20 . 1 (2022) . |
| APA | Yan, Bin , Wang, Siyao , Liu, Chen , Wen, Nana , Li, Hugang , Zhang, Yihan et al. Engineering magnetic nano-manipulators for boosting cancer immunotherapy . | JOURNAL OF NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY , 2022 , 20 (1) . |
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Background and objectivesThis study aimed to establish a mathematical survival model database containing cell-specific coefficients from human digestive system cells exposed to electroporation pulses (EPs). Materials and methodsA total of 20 types of human digestive system cell lines were selected to investigate the effect of EPs on cell viability. Cell viability was measured after exposure to various pulse settings, and a cell survival model was established using the Peleg-Fermi model. Next, the cell-specific coefficients of each cell line were determined. ResultsCell viability tended to decrease when exposed to stronger electric field strength (EFS), longer pulse duration, and more pulse number, but the decreasing tendency varied among different cell lines. When exposed to a lower EFS (<1,000 V/cm), only a slight decrease in cell viability occurred. All cell lines showed a similar tendency: the extent of electrical injury (EI) increased with the increase in pulse number and duration. However, there existed differences in heat sensitivity among organs. ConclusionsThis database can be used for the application of electroporation-based treatment (EBT) in the digestive system to predict cell survival and tissue injury distribution during the treatment.
Keyword ：
digestive system electroporation pulses irreversible electroporation mathematical model numerical analysis
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| GB/T 7714 | Han, Xuan , Zhang, Nana , Zhang, Yuchi et al. Survival model database of human digestive system cells exposed to electroporation pulses: An in vitro and in silico study [J]. | FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH , 2022 , 10 . |
| MLA | Han, Xuan et al. "Survival model database of human digestive system cells exposed to electroporation pulses: An in vitro and in silico study" . | FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH 10 (2022) . |
| APA | Han, Xuan , Zhang, Nana , Zhang, Yuchi , Li, Zhuoqun , Wang, Yingxue , Mao, Lujing et al. Survival model database of human digestive system cells exposed to electroporation pulses: An in vitro and in silico study . | FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH , 2022 , 10 . |
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Objective To explore the clinical application of a newly developed magnetic anchoring traction (MAT) system in the liver bench trimming and transplantation surgery. Background The conventionally limited space, vision, and exposure have always been a challenge for the quality of surgery in the liver bench trimming due to the fact that the exposure depends largely on the experience of surgeon. To deal with this problem, a MAT system is developed as an alternative support to enhance exposure. The preliminarily experiments on animals verified its feasibility and reliability in the practical use, and its clinical application and effects were examined in the present research. Methods A total of 20 DCD (donation of cardiac death) donor livers were collected and divided evenly between the magnetic anchor traction (MAT) assisted group (n = 10) and the manual assisted group (n = 10). The results and quality assessment from experts about the liver bench surgery performed by two groups were examined and compared. Results The MAT system can be employed effectively to compete and replace the manual assistance to achieve a better exposure in the liver bench trimming. No statistical difference was found regarding the baseline data between the MAT and the manual groups. In the inferior vena cava and hepatic artery trimming, the MAT group outperformed the manual group remarkably in many aspects. The surgery time for liver bench shortened considerably after a quick grasp of MAT skills by surgeons. Conclusion The MAT system provides a more stable, reliable and qualified local exposure in the liver bench surgery, and can preferably be employed to replace the manual assistance in the procedures of liver transplantation.
Keyword ：
Bench surgery Liver transplantation Magnetic anchor traction
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| GB/T 7714 | Song, Jiashu , Wang, Yue , Cai, Xianming et al. The application of magnetic anchoring traction device in assisting donor liver bench surgery in classic orthotopic liver transplantation [J]. | BMC GASTROENTEROLOGY , 2022 , 22 (1) . |
| MLA | Song, Jiashu et al. "The application of magnetic anchoring traction device in assisting donor liver bench surgery in classic orthotopic liver transplantation" . | BMC GASTROENTEROLOGY 22 . 1 (2022) . |
| APA | Song, Jiashu , Wang, Yue , Cai, Xianming , Shi, Jianhua , Hu, Liangshuo , Chang, Pengkang et al. The application of magnetic anchoring traction device in assisting donor liver bench surgery in classic orthotopic liver transplantation . | BMC GASTROENTEROLOGY , 2022 , 22 (1) . |
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Background Although marginal donor livers expand the donor pool, an ideal method for quantitatively evaluating the quality of donor livers has not been developed. This study aimed to explore the feasibility of indocyanine green (ICG) fluorescence imaging for estimating liver function in an ischemia-reperfusion model. Methods Forty-eight rats were randomly and evenly divided into 8 groups: the control group and the experimental groups (I-VII). The portal vein blocking period was 0 min, 10 min, 20 min, 30 min, 40 min, 50 min and 60 min. After blood flow was reestablished and the hemodynamics stabilized, ICG was injected through the dorsal penile vein as a bolus, and the fluorescence signal was recorded for 30 min in real time. The fluorescence intensity (FI) curve of the liver was fitted with an asymptotic regression model. Fresh liver tissues and serum were obtained from the middle lobe of the liver on postoperative day (POD) 1 and POD 7 for histopathological evaluation and liver function tests. Results The growth rate of the FI curve, parameter b3, decreased from groups I to VII. According to the two sudden changes in b3 (20 min, 50 min), the experimental groups could be classified into 3 groups (A, B and C). Hepatocytes in groups I-II showed slight edema, group III began to show obvious hepatocyte edema and vacuolar degeneration, and in groups VI-VII, severe hepatocyte degeneration, necrosis and large inflammatory cell infiltration were observed. Suzuki's scores in the 3 groups were also significantly different (P < 0.01). At the same time, the serum liver function in the experimental groups showed a significant increase on POD 1 and a decrease on POD 7. The alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and total bilirubin (TB) levels of groups A, B, and C were significantly different on POD 1 (P < 0.05), and the ALT and direct bilirubin (DB) levels were significantly different on POD 7 (P < 0.05); the lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) level of the group C was significantly higher than that of the groups A and B on POD 1 and POD 7. Meanwhile, the 7-day survival rate of the rats in group C was poor compared to that of the rats in groups A and B (58.3% vs. 100% vs. 100%). Conclusion ICG fluorescence imaging is effective for estimating the degree of liver damage and grading in an ischemia-reperfusion model. It probably has the potential for use in assessing the quality of the donor liver in liver transplantation.
Keyword ：
Donor liver Indocyanine green Ischemia-reperfusion injury Liver function assessment Liver transplantation Near-infrared fluorescence imaging
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| GB/T 7714 | Shan, Liyu , Chen, Huan , Yang, Lifei et al. Near-infrared fluorescence imaging with indocyanine green for assessment of donor livers in a rat model of ischemia-reperfusion [J]. | BMC GASTROENTEROLOGY , 2022 , 22 (1) . |
| MLA | Shan, Liyu et al. "Near-infrared fluorescence imaging with indocyanine green for assessment of donor livers in a rat model of ischemia-reperfusion" . | BMC GASTROENTEROLOGY 22 . 1 (2022) . |
| APA | Shan, Liyu , Chen, Huan , Yang, Lifei , Feng, Zhe , Wang, Yue , Wang, Rongfeng et al. Near-infrared fluorescence imaging with indocyanine green for assessment of donor livers in a rat model of ischemia-reperfusion . | BMC GASTROENTEROLOGY , 2022 , 22 (1) . |
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Abstract ：
BACKGROUND Magnetic compression anastomosis (MCA) is a novel suture-free reconstruction of the digestive tract. It has been used in gastrointestinal anastomosis, jejunal anastomosis, cholangioenteric anastomosis and so on. The traditional operative outcomes of congenital esophageal atresia and benign esophageal stricture are poor, and there are too many complications postoperatively. AIM To test MCA technology to reconstruct the esophagus in dogs, prior to studying the feasibility and safety of MCA in humans. METHODS Thirty-six dogs were randomized into either the study or control group (n = 18 per group). The dogs in the study group were subjected to end-to-end esophageal anastomosis with the magnetic compression device, while those in the control group underwent hand- sewn anastomosis with 4-0 absorbable multifilament Vicryl. We used interrupted single-layer inverting sutures. The anastomosis time, gross appearance, weight and pathology of the anastomosis were evaluated at one month, three months and six months postoperatively. RESULTS The anastomosis time of the MCA group was shorter than that of the hand-sewn group (7.5 +/- 1.0 min vs 12.5 +/- 1.8 min, P < 0.01). In the MCA group, X-ray examination was performed every day to locate the magnetic device in the esophagus before the magnetic device fell off from the esophagus. In the hand-sewn group, dogs did not undergo X-ray examination. One month after the surgeries, the mean weight of the dogs in the hand-sewn group had decreased more than that of the dogs in the MCA group (11.63 +/- 0.71 kg vs 12.73 +/- 0.80 kg, P < 0.05). At 3 mo and 6 mo after the operation, the dogs' weights were similar between the two groups (13.75 +/- 0.84 kg vs 14.03 +/- 0.82 kg, 14.93 +/- 0.80 kg vs 15.44 +/- 0.47 kg). The number of inflammatory cells in MCA group was lower than that in hand-sewn group on 1 mo after operation. CONCLUSION MCA is an effective and safe method for esophageal reconstruction. The anastomosis time of the MCA group was less than that of the hand-sewn group. This study shows that MCA technology may be applied to human esophageal reconstruction, provided these favorable results are confirmed by more publications.
Keyword ：
Anastomosis Dog Esophagus Hand sewn Magnetic Reconstruction
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| GB/T 7714 | Xu, Xiang-Hua , Lv, Yi , Liu, Shi-Qi et al. Esophageal magnetic compression anastomosis in dogs [J]. | WORLD JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY , 2022 , 28 (36) : 5313-5323 . |
| MLA | Xu, Xiang-Hua et al. "Esophageal magnetic compression anastomosis in dogs" . | WORLD JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY 28 . 36 (2022) : 5313-5323 . |
| APA | Xu, Xiang-Hua , Lv, Yi , Liu, Shi-Qi , Cui, Xiao-Hai , Suo, Rui-Yang . Esophageal magnetic compression anastomosis in dogs . | WORLD JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY , 2022 , 28 (36) , 5313-5323 . |
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Abstract ：
Purpose High-powered lasers are commonly used for tissue resection in surgeries, including liver resection, medically known as hepatectomy; however, such lasers inevitably induce thermal damage that causes postoperative complications. This study aims to explore the effects of water cooling and different laser output modes on laser-induced thermal damage during hepatectomy. Methods To avoid the influence of superposition, a 980-nm diode laser was used for a single-point hepatectomy. Eighteen Sprague-Dawley rats were used to explore the effects of water cooling and different laser output modes. A constant energy 10-J laser was used to cut the liver tissue with a power of 10 W and time of 1 second. The rats were randomly divided into six groups. The first three groups were assigned as test subjects for different laser output modes. Group 1 was operated with a continuous laser output for a duration of 1 second. Groups 2 and 3 were operated with a pulsed laser output for a duration of 1 second and a pulse width of 0.5 and 0.25 seconds, respectively. Groups 4, 5, and 6 were assigned for the water cooling test. Water cooling was performed based on the parameters of the first three groups. Medical saline (0.9% NaCl) was used for water cooling. The main observation indicators were resection efficiency and thermal damage, including the area of the thermal damage zone. Resection efficiency is calculated by dividing the resection area by the total thermal damage area. Results In the three water cooling groups, the area of the resection, carbonized, sub-boiling coagulated, and total thermal damage zones were 0.0677, 0.00, 1.7293, and 2.2982 mm(2) in Group 4; 0.0465, 0.00, 1.3205, and 1.8414 mm(2) in Group 5; and 0.0565, 0.00, 1.4301, and 1.9650 mm(2) in Group 6, respectively. Compared with the first three groups, the water cooling groups exhibited significantly reduced thermal damage areas of in the carbonized, sub-boiling coagulated, and total thermal damage zones (p < 0.001 for all). In addition, there was no statistical difference in the resection area, vacuolated area, and resection efficiency. Furthermore, there was no statistical difference in the area of each thermal damage zone between the continuous and pulsed output groups. The resection efficiencies were 4.82%, 3.34%, 3.73%, 3.93%, 3.36%, and 3.01% in Groups 1 to 6, respectively. Moreover, there was no statistical difference (p > 0.05) in the resection efficiencies. Conclusion Water cooling can reduce the total laser-induced thermal damage area and prevent tissue carbonization. Therefore, this cooling method can be used as a simple and safe strategy for controlling thermal damage during hepatectomy.
Keyword ：
hepatectomy laser-induced thermal damage laser output mode water cooling
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| GB/T 7714 | Shan, Liyu , Wang, Rongfeng , Wang, Yue et al. Effects of water cooling on laser-induced thermal damage in rat hepatectomy [J]. | LASERS IN SURGERY AND MEDICINE , 2022 , 54 (6) : 907-915 . |
| MLA | Shan, Liyu et al. "Effects of water cooling on laser-induced thermal damage in rat hepatectomy" . | LASERS IN SURGERY AND MEDICINE 54 . 6 (2022) : 907-915 . |
| APA | Shan, Liyu , Wang, Rongfeng , Wang, Yue , Chen, Huan , Wei, Shasha , Dong, Dinghui et al. Effects of water cooling on laser-induced thermal damage in rat hepatectomy . | LASERS IN SURGERY AND MEDICINE , 2022 , 54 (6) , 907-915 . |
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Background: Although laparoscopic technology has achieved rapid development in the surgical field, it has not been applied to liver transplantation, primarily because of difficulties associated with laparoscopic vascular anastomosis. In this study, we introduced a new magnetic-assisted vascular anastomosis technique and explored its application in laparoscopic liver transplantation in pigs. Methods: Two sets of magnetic vascular anastomosis rings (MVARs) with different diameters were developed. One set was used for anastomosis of the suprahepatic vena cava (SHVC) and the other set was used for anastomosis of the infrahepatic vena cava (IHVC) and portal vein (PV). Six laparoscopic orthotopic liver transplantations were performed in pigs. Donor liver was obtained via open surgery. Hepatectomy was performed in the recipients through laparoscopic surgery. Anastomosis of the SHVC was performed using hand-assisted magnetic anastomosis, and the anastomosis of the IHVC and PV was performed by magnetic anastomosis with or without hand assistance. Results: Liver transplants were successfully performed in five of the six cases. Postoperative ultrasonographic examination showed that the portal inflow was smooth. However, PV bending and blood flow obstruction occurred in one case because the MVARs were attached to each other. The durations of loading of MVAR in the laparoscope group and manual assistance group for IHVC and PV were 13 ± 5 vs. 5 ± 1 min (P < 0.01) and 10 ± 2 vs. 4 ± 1 min (P < 0.05), respectively. The durations of MVAR anastomosis in the laparoscope group and manual assistance group for IHVC and PV were 5 ± 1 vs. 1 ± 1 min (P < 0.01), and 5 ± 1 vs. 1 ± 1 min (P < 0.01), respectively. The anhepatic phase was 43 ± 4 min in the laparoscope group and 23 ± 2 min in the manual assistance group (P < 0.01). Conclusions: Our study showed that magnetic-assisted laparoscopic liver transplantation can be successfully carried out in pigs. © 2022 First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine in China
Keyword ：
Laparoscopy; Liver transplantation; Magnetic surgery; Vascular anastomosis
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| GB/T 7714 | Feng, Z. , Wang, S.-P. , Wang, H.-H. et al. Magnetic-assisted laparoscopic liver transplantation in swine [J]. | Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Diseases International , 2022 , 21 (4) : 340-346 . |
| MLA | Feng, Z. et al. "Magnetic-assisted laparoscopic liver transplantation in swine" . | Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Diseases International 21 . 4 (2022) : 340-346 . |
| APA | Feng, Z. , Wang, S.-P. , Wang, H.-H. , Lu, Q. , Qiao, W. , Wang, K.-L. et al. Magnetic-assisted laparoscopic liver transplantation in swine . | Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Diseases International , 2022 , 21 (4) , 340-346 . |
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Abstract ：
Irreversible electroporation (IRE), a novel non-thermal ablation technique, is utilized to ablate unresectable solid tumors and demonstrates favorable safety and efficacy in the clinic. IRE applies electric pulses to alter the cell transmembrane voltage and causes nanometer-sized membrane defects or pores in the cells, which leads to loss of cell homeostasis and ultimately results in cell death. The major drawbacks of IRE are incomplete ablation and susceptibility to recurrence, which limit its clinical application. Recent studies have shown that IRE promotes the massive release of intracellular concealed tumor antigens that become an "in-situ tumor vaccine," inducing a potential antitumor immune response to kill residual tumor cells after ablation and inhibiting local recurrence and distant metastasis. Therefore, IRE can be regarded as a potential immunomodulatory therapy, and combined with immunotherapy, it can exhibit synergistic treatment effects on malignant tumors, which provides broad application prospects for tumor treatment. This work reviewed the current status of the clinical efficacy of IRE in tumor treatment, summarized the characteristics of local and systemic immune responses induced by IRE in tumor-bearing organisms, and analyzed the specific mechanisms of the IRE-induced immune response. Moreover, we reviewed the current research progress of IRE combined with immunotherapy in the treatment of solid tumors. Based on the findings, we present deficiencies of current preclinical studies of animal models and analyze possible reasons and solutions. We also propose possible demands for clinical research. This review aimed to provide theoretical and practical guidance for the combination of IRE with immunotherapy in the treatment of malignant tumors.
Keyword ：
combination therapy immune response immunotherapy in-situ tumor vaccine irreversible electroporation tumor antigens
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| GB/T 7714 | Zhang, Nana , Li, Zhuoqun , Han, Xuan et al. Irreversible Electroporation: An Emerging Immunomodulatory Therapy on Solid Tumors [J]. | FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY , 2022 , 12 . |
| MLA | Zhang, Nana et al. "Irreversible Electroporation: An Emerging Immunomodulatory Therapy on Solid Tumors" . | FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY 12 (2022) . |
| APA | Zhang, Nana , Li, Zhuoqun , Han, Xuan , Zhu, Ziyu , Li, Zhujun , Zhao, Yan et al. Irreversible Electroporation: An Emerging Immunomodulatory Therapy on Solid Tumors . | FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY , 2022 , 12 . |
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