Background:　The　Forkhead/Fox　transcription　factor　Foxc2　is　a　critical　regulator　of　osteogenesis　and　angiogenesis　of　cells.　Bone　marrow　mesenchymal　stem　cells　(BMSCs)　have　the　capacity　to　differentiate　into　osteoblasts,　chondrocytes,　adipocytes,　myocytes　and　fibroblasts.　The　present　study　investigates　the　role　of　Foxc2　overexpression　in　osteogenesis　and　angiogenesis　of　BMSCs　in　vitro.　Methods:　BMSCs　were　isolated　from　SD　rat　femurs　and　tibias,　and　characterized　by　cell　surface　antigen　identification　and　osteoblasts　and　adipocytes　differentiation.　The　cells　were　transfected　with　lentiviral　Foxc2　(Lv-Foxc2)　or　green　fluorescent　protein　(Lv-GFP).　Seventy　hours　later,　Foxc2　expression　was　observed　using　real　time-PCR　and　Western　blot.　The　transfected　cells　were　stained　with　Alizarin　red　S　or　alkaline　phosphatase　(ALP)　after　osteogenic　induction.　Meanwhile,　the　expression　levels　of　osteocalcin　(OCN),　Runt-related　transcription　factor　2　(Runx2),　vascular　endothelial　growth　factor　(VEGF)　and　platelet-derived　growth　factor-beta　(PDGF-beta)　were　measured　by　real　time-PCR,　Western　blot　and　immunostaining.　Results:　Results　of　cell　characterization　showed　that　the　cells　were　positive　to　CD44　(99.56%)　and　negative　to　CD34　(0.44%),　and　could　differentiate　into　osteoblasts　and　adipocytes.　Foxc2　overexpression　not　only　increased　the　numbers　of　mineralized　nodes　and　ALP　activity,　but　also　enhanced　the　expressions　of　Runx2,　OCN,　VEGF　and　PDGF-beta　in　transfected　BMSCs　after　osteogenic　induction.　The　effects　of　Foxc2　on　osteogenesis　and　angiogenesis　were　significantly　different　between　Lv-Foxc2　transfected　BMSCs　and　Lv-GFP　transfected　BMSCs　(P＜0.05).　In　addition,　the　MAPK-specific　inhibitors,　PD98059　and　LY294002,　blocked　the　Foxc2-induced　regulation　of　BMSC　differentiation.　Conclusions:　Foxc2　gene　is　successfully　transfected　into　BMSCs　with　stable　and　high　expression.　The　overexpression　of　Foxc2　acts　on　BMSCs　to　stimulate　osteogenesis　and　angiogenesis.　The　effect　of　Foxc2　on　angiogenesis　of　the　cells　is　mediated　via　activating　PI3K　and　ERK.