In　this　paper,　C@CoFe2O4　with　a　fiber-in-tube　mesoporous　nanostructure　has　been　fabricated　via　a　one-step　single-spinneret　electrospinning　technique.　This　unique　nanostructure　is　made　of　an　outer　spinel　CoFe2O4　tube　and　a　loose　inner　fiber　composed　of　the　residual　carbonaceous　materials　and　metal　precursors.　The　nanostructure＇s　properties,　such　as　morphology,　components,　structures　and　thermal　stability,　are　characterized　by　scanning　electron　microscopy　(SEM),　transmission　electron　microscopy　(TEM),　X-Ray　diffraction　(XRD),　thermogravimetric　analysis　(TGA),　Brunauer,　Emmett　and　Teller　type　specific　area　(S-BET)　determination,　X-ray　photoelectron　spectroscopy　(XPS)　and　inductively　coupled　plasma-atomic　emission　spectrometry　(ICP-AES).　As　an　anode　material　for　lithium-ion　batteries,　the　C@CoFe2O4　composite　(6.25　wt%　carbon　content)　exhibits　a　high　reversible　capacity　of　740　mA　h　g(-1)　after　over　200　cycles　at　the　current　density　of　200　mA　g(-1)　with　excellent　cycling　stability,　which　is　attributed　to　its　one　dimensional　continuous　fiber-in-tube　mesoporous　morphology,　as　well　as　its　stable　structure　benefiting　from　the　existence　of　carbonaceous　yolk.　In　addition,　pure　CoFe2O4　nanotubes　can　also　be　obtained　by　sequentially　agitating　this　product　in　water,　which　provides　more　potential　applications　of　CoFe2O4.　(C)　2016　Elsevier　B.V.　All　rights　reserved.