Photocatalytic　H2　generation　is　considered　to　be　one　of　the　most　promising　technologies　for　H2　production.　Herein,　S　doped　Ta2O5　decorated　CdS　nanosphere　(S-Ta2O5/CdS)　is　synthesized　through　the　interfacial　diffusion　reaction　between　sublimation　of　cadmium　sulfide　and　crystallization　shrinkage　of　tantalum　oxide,　which　was　regulated　by　high-temperature　calcination.　The　successful　S　doping　causes　the　changes　of　energy　band　structure　of　Ta2O5,　which　can　be　used　as　co-catalyst　with　suitable　hydrogen　potential　to　enhance　the　photocatalytic　activity　of　CdS　nanosphere.　The　obtained　S-Ta2O5/CdS　possesses　the　photocatalytic　hydrogen　generation　rate　of　54.51　μmol·mg−1·h−1　with　improved　photocatalytic　stability　under　visible　light　irradiation,　which　is　better　than　those　of　CdS　(1.51　μmol·mg−1·h−1)　and　Ta2O5　(0　μmol·mg−1·h−1).　The　work　offers　a　new　perspective　that　S-Ta2O5　as　co-catalyst　improves　the　separation　efficiency　of　photogenerated　electron-hole　for　the　visible-light　photocatalytic　hydrogen　production.　©　2021